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- Population, by G. Amnéus
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than the former. Out of 100 widowers, for instance, from 30 to
35 years of age, 24 per cent married annually during the years
1871—1880, and out of 100 bachelors, only 12 per cent. The same
proportion holds good in the case of women.
The number of marriages in Norway, in which one of the
parties had been previously divorced, amounts to 0.05 per cent,
and is thus unusually small.
A comparatively large number of marriages in Norway are
made between nearly-related persons. At the last census, it was
demonstrated that 6.70 per cent of all married persons were
mutually as nearly, or more nearly related than second cousins.
Consanguineous marriages are most frequent in the more remote valleys,
and are greatly dependent upon the development of the means of
communication.
BIRTHS.
At the present time in Norway, rather more than 60,000
children are born annually, not including still-born children.
This number is equivalent to rather more than 3 per 100
inhabitants. The proportion varies somewhat from year to year.
The lowest birth percentage for a period of 5 years in Norway,
during the present century, is shown by the years 1806—1810,
which, as already mentioned, was a time of war, with much want
and misery. During these years, only 2.68 children per 100
inhabitants were born annually, and in the famine year, 1809,
only 2.22. At the conclusion of peace in 1815, the number of
births rose, and in 1810 attained the hitherto highest ratio, viz.
3.51 per cent. Until the end of the thirties, they remained at
a comparatively high level, but then fell off somewhat until the
sixties, when they once more showed a comparatively high figure
— about 3.30 per cent. Since 1871, the number has kept
comparatively regular — from 1871 to 1880, 3.09, during the next 10
years, 3.08, and from 1891 to 1895, 3.02 per cent.
Most of the other European countries show a higher percentage
of births than Norway. The average for Europe for the years
1881—1890 is reckoned at 3.81 per cent, that for Eastern Europe
being 4.62, and for Western Europe 3.29 per cent. The considerable
difference is due, on the one hand, to the exceedingly large percentage
of births in populous Russia — 4.80 per cent; while the small number
of births in France — 2.39, less than half that of Russia —
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