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of the national education». They are attended largely by farmers’
sons. The school companies, which thus make up the entire standing
Norwegian army, number in all about 1700 privates.
The officers also either have regular appointments, or are
conscripted. They must all have gone through the lowest division of the
military college. The college is divided into five lines according to
the kind of arms, and admits only students or young men with a
corresponding education (to the engineers are admitted only pupils
who have gone through the building or engineering course in the
higher polytechnic schools). It is further required that the
candidates shall have been trained as privates in their weapon, by
exercises almost answering to the general ones of the recruiting year.
Only a small proportion of the cadets in the one-year lower
division of the military college are admitted to the two-years upper
division, where permanent officers are trained (in the 5 lines). The
cadets that have passed, obtain appointments as lieutenants in the
corresponding weapon. In order to enter the staff, a further
two-years’ training is required in the staff division of the military
highschool, [[** sic, intet bindestrek]] and in order to obtain promotion in the artillery or
engineers, it is necessary to have gone through its artillery or
engineer division.
Most of the (about 150) cadets that annually pass through the
lower division of the military college, on the other hand,
immediately obtain appointments as «conscripted officers», as
second-lieutenants in the line, and take part in the annual exercises in
the opbuds with promotion in some cases to lieutenant in the
landvern, captain or even major (second in command) in the
landstorm. This last opbud, which is intended for local defence, thereby
acquires a more decided militia character than the other opbuds,
in which it is only the subalterns who do not have a more complete
officer’s training.
The Supreme Administration. The king has the supreme
command over the land and sea forces of the kingdom. The
constitutional responsibility for the administrative rule rests with the head
of the defence department. This department has two separate
branches, one for the army, and one for the navy. The head of
the army branch is the general-in-command, who has the chief
command when the king does not take it upon himself. Matters
that refer purely to command, are attended to through his adjutants,
who do not belong to the department; but if the matters are to
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