458 (Norway : official publication for the Paris exhibition 1900)

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The capital invested in railways amounted in the
above-mentioned traffic year, for all the government railways, to about kr.
146,000,000, and for the private railways to about kr. 16,000,000,
giving a total for all railways of about 162 million kr. New
undertakings have been decided upon for about kr. 70,000,000, and
it may be assumed that the necessary reconstruction will raise the
working capital for the railways laid and decided upon in
Norway, to 250 million kroner.

As mentioned above (p. 87), Norway is the most thinly
populated country in Europe, and it also has fewest railways in proportion
to its area. There are only 0.9 miles of line to every 100 sq. miles,
while Great Britain and Ireland have 17.3, and France 12.2. If we
compare the length of railway with the population, the result is more
favourable (6.1 miles per 10.000 inhabitants), and is only surpassed by
Sweden (12.3 miles), Switzerland, France and Denmark. In Great
Britain and Ireland, the ratio is 5.2 miles per 10,000 inhabitants.

CANALS.

On account of her numerous rivers and lakes, Norway affords
considerable opportunity for boat-communication within the country.
Owing to the large waterfalls and the numerous rapids, however,
it is only occasionally that a continuous length of natural means of
communication of this kind is to be found. An improvement of the
existing water communication also presents many difficulties, and
therefore only a few such works of any importance have been
undertaken. We shall here only mention the Fredrikshald Canal, the
Nordsjø—Skien Canal, and the Bandak—Nordsjø Canal.

The Fredrikshald Canal (opened in 1877) has cost three
quarters of a million kroner, and it has opened a water-way of about
47 miles from the lake Femsjøen, near Fredrikshald, to the
northernmost part of the Skullerud Lake in Høland. From this place a
tertiary railway has been constructed to join the Kongsvinger Line,
thus making a connected line of communication. There are 12
locks in the Fredrikshald Canal. It is navigable for vessels of
5.6 ft. draught. This canal offers many points of interest and is
therefore much visited by tourists.

The Nordsjø—Skien Canal connects the lake Nordsjø in
Telemarken and the Hiterdal Lake — which is connected with it

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