THE WOMEN’S RIGHTS MOVEMENT The Norwegian Constitution enacted in 1814 did not provide for women the same political rights as it did for men. In this respect Norway took the same stand as other countries with a parlia- mentary system. However, the movement among women for securing full equality with men in respect of political rights began at an early period in Nor- way, which was also the first country in Europe to introduce womanhood suffrage. The pioneer work in this movement for women’s rights was done by Camilla Collett, the authoress (1813-1895), Asta Hansteen (1824-1908), Gina Krog (1847-1916), H. E. Berner (1839-1920), and Fredrikke Qvam (1843-). The first political women’s organisation with a definite programme was formed in 1884 under the name of Norsk Kvinnesaksforening (Norwegian Women’s Rights Association). In the following year the Kvinnernes Stemmeretsforening (Wo- men’s Suffrage Society) was founded. One after another the barriers excluding women from taking part in social work as judges, physi- cians, professors, and so forth were gradually 163