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258 THE BLOOD.
the amount of fibrinogen from which the fibrin is derived, and we always
find a small amount of protein substance in the solution. It is therefore
not improbable that the fibrin coagulation, in accordance with the views
first proposed by Denis, is a cleavage process in which the soluble fibrinogen
is split into an insoluble protein, the fibrin, which forms the chief mass,
and a soluble protein substance which is produced only in small amounts.
We find a globulin-like substance which coagulates at about 64° C. in
blood-serum as well as in the serum from coagulated fibrinogen solutions.
This substance is called fibrin-globulin by Hammarsten. The investiga-
tions of Huiskamp have shown that this substance is not formed as a
cleavage product from pure fibrinogen, but occurs in plasma or in fibrinogen
solutions not purified from sodium fluoride or perhaps in loose com-
bination with fibrinogen. The view that a cleavage takes place in the
coagulation of the fibrinogen has not been supported by these investi-
gations.1
Opinions are not unanimous in regard to the enzyme nature of throm-
bin and the enzymotic formation of fibrin, and there are, indeed, investiga-
tors who consider the coagulation as another process. A more thorough
discussion of this subject can take place only in connection with the
coagulation of the blood.
Nucleoprotein. This substance, which, as above-mentioned, is considered
by Pekelharing and Huiskamp as identical with the prothrombin or thrombin,
occurs in the blood-plasma as well as in the serum, and is precipitated from the
latter with the globulin. It is similar to the globulin in that it is readily soluble
in neutral salt solution, and can be completely salted out on saturation with
magnesium sulphate, and separates only incompletely on dialysis. It is much
less soluble than serglobulin in an excess of dilute acetic acid, and coagulates
at 65-69° C. C. G. Liebermeister 2
found only 0.08-0.09 per cent phosphorus
in the nucleoprotein, which indicates that the nucleoprotein was contaminated
with other proteins. He also found that the substance was soluble in acetic acid
with difficulty, a property which is used by Pekelharing as an important means
of separating the compound proteins from the globulins.
Serglobulins, also called paraglobulin (Kuhne), fibrinoplastic substance
(Alex. Schmidt), serum-casein (Panum 3
), occur in the plasma, serum,
lymph, transudates and exudates, in the white and red corpuscles, and
probably in many animal tissues and form-elements, though in small
quantities. They are also found in the urine in many diseases.
The so-called serglobulin is without doubt not an individual sub-
stance, but consists of a mixture of two or more protein bodies which
1
See Hammarsten, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 28; Heubner, Arch. f. exp. Path,
u. Pharm., 4’J, ami Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 45; Huiskamp, ibid., 44 and 40.
- Hofineister’.s Beitnijie, 8; Pekelharing and Huiskamp, 1. c. footnote 1, page 256.
:t
Kii!, no, Lehrbucb d. physiol. Chem., Leipzig., 1866-68; Alex. Schmidt, Arch. f.
(Anat. n. ) Physiol., 1861-62; Panum, Virchow’s Arch., 3 and 4.
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