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29G THE BLOOD.
subcutaneously and then exposed to bright light die very quickly with character-
istic symptoms, while control animals kept in the dark show no symptoms of disease.
H. Fischer and Meyer-Betz ’
have also shown that in this regard a certain
difference exists between the hsematoporphyrin and the mesoporphyrin. The
perfectly pure crystalline mesoporphyrin does not show the photobiological
action which occurs with crystalline hamaatoporphyrin.
Of especial interest is the close relationship of the hsematoporphyrin
to certain chlorophyll derivatives, especially to phylloporphyrin,
C32H36N4O2. Phylloporphyrin is similar to the above-mentioned meso-
porphyrin, C34H^sN404, and the absorption spectrum of the brom-
porphyrins, bromphylloporphyrin and brommesoporphyrin as prepared
by Schunck and Marchlewski, seems to be almost identical. Just as
from mesoporphyrin, with sodium chloride, glacial acetic acid and an
iron salt we can regenerate a product very similar to haemin (Zaleski)
so Marchlewski 2
has been able under similar conditions to prepare from
phylloporphyrin a pigment, phyllohcemin, which contained iron and was
similar to hgemin. A comparison of the cleavage products gives still
more conclusive and important proofs of the close relationship of the
"blood and leaf pigments.
We have important investigations of Kuster,3
Piloty, Willstatter,
H. Fischer 4
and their collaborators upon the constitution of hsemin and
hgematoporphyrin. The constitution of chlorophyll has been explained
by the pioneering researches of Willstatter.
On the oxidation of hsematin in glacial acetic acid by potassium
dichromate or chromium trioxide Kuster obtained the imide of the
/CO—C.CH0.CH2.COOH
tribasic hcematinic acid, HN<^ , which is a deriva-
XCO—C.CH3
tive of maleic acid, and from which methylethylmaleic acid anhydride,
.CO—C.CH2CH3
0<f , can be readily obtained. The same heematinic
XCO—C.CH3
1
Hausmann, Bioch. Zeitschr., 30; Hans Fischer and Meyer-Betz. Zeitschr. f.
physiol. Chem., 82.
2
The pertinent literature will be found in L. Marchlewski, Die Chemie der Chlor-
ophylle und ihre Beziehung zur Chemie des Blutfarbstoffes, 1909 and Ber. d. d. chem.
Gesellsch., 45.
3
Beitrage zur Kenntnis. des Hamatins. Tubingen, 1896; Ber. d. d. chem. Gesellsch.,
27, 30, 32, 35, 43, and 15, Annal. d. Chem. u. Pharm., 315, arid Zeitschr. f. physiol.
Chem., 28, 40, 44, 54, 55, 61, 62, and 82.
* The work of Piloty and collaborators may be found in Annal. d. Chem. u. Pharm.,
360, 37", 388, 390, and 392 and Ber. d. d. chem. Gesellsch., 42, 43, and 45. In regard
to the work of Willstatter and the literature on chlorophyll (to 1911) see Willstatter
in Abderhalden’s Bioch. Handlexicon, Bd. VI and Annal. d. Chem. u. Pharm., 378;
380, 382, and 385. Hans Fischer and collaborators, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 82,
and footnote 2, p. 297, and the literature on bilirubin Chapter VII.
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