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CHYLE AND LYMPH. 340
Under special conditions the lymph may be so rich in finely divided fat that
it appears like chyle. Such lymph has been investigated by Hensen in a case of
lymph fistula in a ten-year-old boy, and by Lang l
in a case of lymph fistula in
the upper part of the left thigh of a girl of seventeen. The lymph investigated
by Hensen varied in the quantity of fat, as an average of nineteen analyses,
between 2.8 and 36.9 p. m.; while that investigated by Lang contained 24.85
p. m. of fat.
The quantity of lymph secreted must naturally change considerably
under various conditions, and there are no means of measuring it. The
size of the flow of lymph is, as Heidenhain suggests, no measure of the
abundance of supply of nutritive material to the organs, and the lymph-
tubes act according to him as " drain-tubes," removing the excess of
fluid from the lymph fissures as soon as the pressure therein rises to a
certain height. Attempts have been made to determine the quantity
of lymph flowing in 24 hours through the thoracic duct of animals. Ac-
cording to Heidenhain the quantity averages 640 cc. for a dog weighing
10 kilos.
Detei-minations of the quantity of lymph in man have also been
attempted. Noel-Paton 2
obtained 1 cc. of lymph per minute from the
severed thoracic duct of a patient weighing 60 kilos. The quantity in
the 24 hours cannot be calculated from this amount. In the case of
Munk and Kosenstein, 1134-1372 grams of chyle were collected within
12-13 hours after partaking of food. In the fasting condition or after
starving for 18 hours they found 50 to 70 grams per hour, sometimes 120
grams and above, especially in the first few hours after powerful muscular
exercise.
Several circumstances have a marked influence on the extent of lymph
secretion. During starvation less lymph is secreted than after partak-
ing of food. Nasse 3
has observed that the formation of lymph in dogs
is increased 36 per cent more after feeding with meat than after feeding
with potatoes, and about 54 per cent more than after 24 hours’ depriva-
tion of food. In this connection mention must be made of the important
observations of Asher and Barbera 4
that with pure protein diet the
lymph current is increased in the thoracic cavity, and also that the increase
in the lymph secretion runs parallel with the elimination of nitrogen in
the urine, i.e., with the absorption of the protein from the digestive tract.
An increase in the total quantity of blood, as by transfusion of blood,
also especially in preventing the flow of blood by means of ligatures,
1
Hensen, Pfliiger’s Arch., 110; Lang, see Maly’s Jahresber., 4.
2
Journ. of Physiol., 11.
3
Cited from Hoppe-Seyler, Physiol. Chem., 593.
4
The works of Asher and collaborators, Barbera, Gies, and Busch, upon lymph
fonration may be found in Zeitschr. f. Biologie, 36, 37, 40.
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