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380 CHYLE, LYMPH, TRANSUDATES AND EXUDATES.
between adrenalin and tyrosine, which also gives melanin with the sepia
enzyme, and indeed tyrosine has been considered as the probable mother-
substance of adrenalin (Halle). The investigations of Ewin’s and
Laidaw x
to prove this last-mentioned possibility have not given any
support thereto.
Besides the action of producing a rise in the blood-pressure, adrenalin
is also of special interest because, as first shown by Blum,2 it also has a
glycosuric action. We will discuss the question of adrenalin glycosuria
and the relation which seems to exist between the internal secretions
of the thyroids, the adrenals and the pancreas, when we treat of the
formation of sugar and pancreas diabetes. We cannot here enter into
the question of the reciprocal action between the adrenals and the other
organs.
The hypophysis or pituitary gland has been little studied from a chemical
standpoint. An extract of the gland shows, by its action, a certain similarity to an
extract of the adrenals in that it causes a rise in blood pressure and by causing a
dilation of the pupils of the frog’s eye. Still no adrenalin could be detected in the
gland. Also no iodine occurs in the glands (Wells, Denis 3
)
.
The gland consists essentially of twoparts, one an outside formation of vascular-
glandular epithelium and a lower nervous part the infundibular part. The out-
side part seems to have a relation to the growth of the tissues and skeleton and
acromegalie and gigantism are claimed by many investigators to be related to this
part. The infundibular part, on the contrary, contains the specific bodies which
raises the blood -pressure and stimulates the smooth muscles of the uterus and
upon the kidney secretion. The relation of the hypophysis to other endocrinic glands
is still very much disputed.
1
Halle, Hofmeister’s Beitrage 8; Ewins and Laidaw, Journ. of Physiol., 40.
2
Deutsch. Arch. f. klin. Med., 91 and Pfliiger’s Arch., 90.
3
H. G. Wells, Journ. of biol. Chem., 7; W. Denis, ibid., 9.
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