Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - VII. The Liver
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
Below is the raw OCR text
from the above scanned image.
Do you see an error? Proofread the page now!
Här nedan syns maskintolkade texten från faksimilbilden ovan.
Ser du något fel? Korrekturläs sidan nu!
This page has never been proofread. / Denna sida har aldrig korrekturlästs.
386 THE LIVER.
I
feet purification. His investigations do not give any explanation for the quantity
of sulphur and it is very probable that jecorin is only a mixture of several bodies
among which a sulphurized and a phosphorized substance occurs. According
to Baskoff it is very probable that the jecorin is a decomposition product of lecithin
(or other phosphatides).
Another phosphatide, which does not reduce directly or after boiling with acid,
has been called heparphosphatide by Baskoff. In certain respects this body is
similar to cuorin, and the relation P:N =1.45:1, although it was not pure.
Among the extractive substances besides glycogen, which will be treated
later, rather large quantities of the purine bases occur. Kossel 1
found
in 1000 parts of the dried substance 1.97 p. m. guanine, 1.34 p. m. hypo-
xanthine, and 1.21 p. m. xanthine. Adenine is also contained in the
liver. In addition there are found urea and uric acid (especially in
birds), and indeed in larger quantities than in the blood, paralactic acid,
choline, leucine, taurine, and cystine. In pathological cases inosite and
amino-acids have been detected. The occurrence of bile-coloring matters
in the liver-cell under normal conditions is doubtful; but in retention of
the bile the cells may absorb the coloring-matter and become colored
thereby.
A large number of enzymes are found in the liver, such as catalases,
oxidases, aldehydases and hydrolytic enzymes of various kinds; the dias-
tase acting upon glycogen, the lipases and the different proteolytic enzymes.
Nucleases and the nucleic acid splitting enzymes of different kinds men-
tioned in Chapter II have been formed in the liver and deamidases for
amino-acids as well as purine bodies also occur in the liver. The last
group of deamidases show a different behavior in regard to their occurrence
in different animals and the same is true for the uric acid forming and
uric acid destroying enzymes (Chapter XIV). We must also mention the
arginase which splits off urea from arginine.
The proteolytic enzymes of the liver are of special interest, especially
in regard to the study of the autolysis of this organ. The processes
in the liver in phosphorus poisoning and in acute yellow atrophy of the
liver are considered as an intravitally increased autolysis. In these
cases a softening of the organ takes place, and proteoses, mono- and
diamino-acids, and other bodies are produced, which may also be found
in the urine, and although they may not all be derived from the liver
(X Ei; berg and Richter), they are at least in part derived from this organ.
Wakeman has found in phosphorus poisoning that not only is the quan-
tity of nitrogen markedly diminished in the liver (of dogs), but also
that the quantity of nitrogen of the hexone bases is diminished, and
Meinertz, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 46; Siegfried and Mark, ibid.; Paul Mayer,
Bioch. Zeitschr., 1, and Baskoff, Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 57, 61, 62.
1
Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 8.
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
