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500 DIGESTION.
The estimation as to the quantity of pancreatic juice secreted in the
twenty-four hoars differs very much. According to the determina-
tions of Pawlow and his collaborators, Kuwschinski, Wassiliew, and
Jablonsky,1
the average quantity (with normally acting juice) from a
permanent fistula in dogs is 21.8 cc. per kilo in the twenty-four hours.
The pancreatic juice of the dog is a clear, colorless, and odorless
alkaline fluid which when obtained from a temporary fistula is very
rich in proteins, sometimes so rich that it coagulates like the white of
the egg on heating. Besides proteins, the juice also contains the three
above-mentioned enzymes (or their zymogens), amylopsin, perhaps also
maltase, trypsin, steapsin, also an enzyme similar to erepsin, and besides
these a rennin, which was first observed by Ruhne. Besides the above-
mentioned bodies the pancreatic juice invariably contains small quan-
tities of leucine, fat, and soaps. As mineral constituents it contains
chiefly alkali chlorides and considerable alkali carbonate, some phos-
phoric acid, lime, magnesia, and iron.
The quantity of solids in the pancreatic juice of the dog varies, as
found by Mazurkiewicz, Babkine and Sawitsch,2
according to the
rapidity of secretion and the kind of excitant. As a rule the amount
of solids is in inverse proportion to the rapidity of secretion. The juice
secreted after the action of acids has the lowest amount of solids, 9-37.4
p. m. The juice after taking food is more concentrated, about 60-70
p. m. and that after vagus stimulation often contains 90 p. m. solids.
The juice analyzed by C. Schmidt 3
from a temporary fistula contained
99-116 p. m. solids. The quantity of mineral bodies was 8.8 p. m.
The mineral constituents consisted chiefly of NaCl, 7.4 p. m., which is remark-
able because the juice contains such a large amount of alkali carbonate. In the
juice examined by De Zilwa 4
the quantity of alkali in the secretin juice was
5-7.9 p. m. and in the pilocarpin juice 2.9 -5.3 p. m. Na2C03 .
In the pancreatic juice of rabbits 11-26 p. m. solids have been found, and
in that from sheep 14.3-36.9 p. m. In the pancreatic juice of the horse 9-15.5
p. m. solids have been found; in that of the pigeon, 12-14 p. m.
The human physiological pancreatic secretion from a fistula has been
investigated by Glaessner.5 The secretion was clear, foamed readily,
1
Arch, des sciences de St. Petersbourg, 2, 391. The previous- claims of Bidder and
Schmidt, and others may be found in Kiihne, Lehrbuch, 114.
2
Mazurkiewicz, 1. c; Babkin and Sawitsch, Zeitschr, f. physiol. Chem., 56.
8
Cited from Maly in Hermann’s Handbuch der Physiol., 5, Theil II, 189.
4
Journ. of Physiol., 31.
6
Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 40. See also Ellinger and Kohn, ibid., 45, and the
investigations upon cystic fluids from the pancreas by Schumm, ibid., 36, and Murray
and Gies, American Medicine, 4, 1902; Glaessner and Popper, Deutsch. Arch. f. klin.
Med. 04, 46; see also Wohlgemuth, Bioch. Zeitschr. 39; Bradley, Journ. of Biol.
Chem. 6.
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