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PROTEINS OF THE LENS. 619
taining cysteine, disappears in part from the lens and is partly transformed
into albumoid. The relation between albumoid and crystallins is changed
with increasing age, so that the albumoid increases. In normal lens
the relation of the crystallins to the albumoid changes correspondingly
from 82:18 in youth to 41:59 in old age; in senile cataract the relation
can be changed to 25 : 75. The amount of fat, cholesterin and lecithin
is on the contrary not changed.
The average results of four analyses made by Laptschinsky * of the
lens of oxen are here given, calculated in parts per 1000:
. Proteins 349 .
3
Lecithin 2.3
Cholesterin 2.2
Fat 2.9
Soluble salts 5.3
Insoluble salts 2.4
In cataract the amount of proteins is diminished and the amount of
cholesterin increased. This statement requires further substantiation.2
The quantity of the different proteins in the fresh moist lens of oxen
is, as follows, according to Morner:
Albumoid (lens fibers) 170 p. m.
0-Crystallin 110 "
a-Crystallin 68 "
Albumin 2 "
The corneal tissue has been previously considered (page 550). The
sclerotic has not been closely investigated, and the choroid coat is princi-
pally of interest because of the coloring-matter (melanin) it contains
(see Chapter XV).
Tears consist of a water-clear, alkaline fluid of a salty taste. Accord-
ing to the analyses of Lerch3
they contain 982 p. m. water, 18 p. m. solids
with 5 p. m. albumin and 13 p. m. NaCl.
THE FLUIDS OF THE INNER EAR.
The perilymph and endolymph are alkaline fluids, which, besides
salts, contain—in the same amounts as in transudates—traces of protein,
and in certain animals (codfish) also mucin. The quantity of mucin
is greater in the perilymph than in the endolymph.
Otoliths contain 745-795 p. m. inorganic substance, which consists
chiefly of crystallized calcium carbonate. The organic substance is very
similar to mucin.
1
Pfluger’s Arch., 13.
2
See Gross, Arch. f. Augenheilk., 55 and 58.
8
Cited from v. Gorup-Besanez, Lehrbuch d. physiol. Chem., 4 Aufl., 401.
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