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666 MILK.
As milk is the only form of nourishment during a certain period of
the life of man and mammals, it must contain all the nutriment necessary
for life. This fact is shown by the milk containing representatives of
the three principal groups of organic nutritive substances—proteins,
carbohydrates, and fat, and the last two groups can here also in part
mutually substitute each other. Besides this all milk seems to contain,
without doubt, some lecithin and nucleon. The mineral bodies in milk
must also occur in proper proportions, and on this point the experiments
of Bunge on dogs are of special interest. He found that the mineral
bodies of the milk occur in about the same relative proportion as they
do in the body of the sucking animal. Bunge l
found in 1000 parts of
the ash the following results (A represents results from the new-born
dog, and B the milk from the bitch)
:
A B
K,0 114.2 149.8
Na2 106.4 88.0
CaO 295.2 272.4
MgO 18.2 15.4
Fe2 3
7.2 1.2
P„05
394.2 342.2
CI 83.5 169.0
Bunge explains the fact that the milk-ash is richer in potash and
poorer in soda than the new-born animal by saying that in the growing
animal the ash of the muscles rich in potash relatively increases and the
cartilage rich in soda relatively decreases. In regard to the amount
of iron we find an unexpected condition, the ash of the new-born animal
containing six times as much as the milk-ash. This condition Bunge
explains by the fact founded on his and Zalesky’s experiments, that the
quantity of iron in the entire organism is highest at birth. The new-born
has therefore its own supply of iron for the growth of its organs even at
birth.
The investigations of Hugounenq, de Lange, Camerer and Soldner 2
have shown that in man the conditions are different from those in animals,
as the ash of the child has an entirely different composition as compared
with the milk. As an example the following analyses are given (of
Camerer and Soldner). (A, the ash of the sucking infant, and B, the
ash of the milk.) The results are in 1000 parts of the ash.
A B
K2
78 314
Na2
91 119
CaO 361 164
MgO 9 26
FfcO, 8 6
p.,Q5
389 135
CI 77 200
1
Zeitschr. f. physiol. Chem., 13.
2
Hugounenq, Compt. Rend., 128; de Lange, Zeitschr., f. Biologie, 40; Camerer
and Soldner, ibid., 39, 40, and 44.
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