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THE ECONOMIC RESOURCES OF RUSSIA 113
the result that the price of paper has, in a comparatively
short time, risen to nearly 400 per cent., and that great
quantities of paper had to be imported from Finland and
abroad. This state of affairs is quite abnormal. It is a
sign of lamentable inefficiency, as natural conditions have
provided Russia with the means to satisfy her own demands,
and also the requirements of buyers from abroad. It is
to be hoped that, owing to powerful stimulus from Russia
or friendly foreign quarters, this industry will be provided
with a more thorough organisation.
Minerals.—The mineral resources of Russia, lying in her
soil, have hardly been touched and await the help of our
friends and allies for their development in the near future.
According to the Russian Statistical Annual, 1915, the
output of minerals in the Empire in poods (one pood is equal
to 36-11 English lb.) for 1912 and 1911 is as follows :
1912 1911
Poods Tons Poods Tons
Gold . 3.569 57 3.584 57
Platinum 337-3 5 352-5 5
Silver . 1,100 17 947 15
Lead I03.740 1.673 75.585 1,219
(000’s omitted) (ooo’s omitted) (ooo’s omitted) (ooo’s omitted)
Zinc 715. 12, 746, 12,
Copper 2,047, 33. 1,594. 26,
Pig-iron 256,266, 4,i33> 219.363. 3.538,
Iron and steel 227,541, 3.670, 202,707, 3.269,
Manganese ore 50.I92, 810, 43.123, 695.
Coal 1,887,000, 30.435. 1,784,690, 27.979.
Naphtha 565,300, 8,634. 558,749. 9,OI2,
Salt 116,364, 1.877. 122,940, 1.983,
According to their places of origin, the output of these
minerals in 1912 was as follows :
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