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RUSSIA AND PEACE
90
Millions of Pre-War
Roubles.
Billions of 1921-Roubles or Millions of 1923-Roubles
Taxes and
Receipts.
Taxes and
Receipts.
Issues. Issues.
January {1922)
April (1922)
12-6 I*2 40 3-7
46-6 13-4 i6-4 4-7
August (1922)
October (1922)
221-3 122-2
235*9
41-9 23-2
304 -i 37 29
The movement described a
November and December. In
last three months of 1922 the
above continued in
course of the
of taxes and
the
total
receipts very nearly reached the figures for note
issues, which were 1,143 million roubles of 1923.
These results, which are still rather uncertain
in some respects, have been obtained by imposing
a series of direct and indirect taxes (industry
tax, civil tax : on income and capital, stamp duty,
excise, customs, etc), and in addition innumerable
local taxes.
Above all it should not be forgotten that, in
spite of alj these financial reforms, the Russian
Government depends on the tax in kind, the well
known " Prodnalog," as its safest source of income.
In corn or agricultural produce of various sorts
the Russian peasant last year paid a tax to the
State equal to 4’ B million tons of rye. Thia
produce is used partly to feed and pay the State
employees and the army, and partly for distribution
in the famine districts as food for the people or
as seed-corn.
It is a well-known fact that in June, 1922, the
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