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repulsed. In the summer the whole army of Eadward
took the fort at Tempsford, slaying King Guthorm II.,
"Toglea,"and"Mannan"—Toli and Mani (Steenstrup,
Norm. III., 51); and that autumn Colchester was
besieged and stormed, with a general massacre of the
inhabitants. In despair the last remnant of the Danish
army, with the help of adventuring Vikings from
abroad, beset Maldon, but were beaten off, and the
conquest of East Anglia was achieved. King Eadward,
having received the submission of jarl Thorfrith at
Towcester, refortified Colchester, and the people of
the whole kingdom once ruled by Guthorm-Æthelstan
passed under the rule of Wessex.
For a while the government of the country was
kept in the king’s hands. King Æthelstan before
his death (940) created out of East Anglia the first of
the great ealdordoms, appointing to it Æthelstan
of Devonshire, afterwards known as the "half-king."
He retired into a monastery in 956, and his province
was at first divided among his four sons ; later, we
find Æhelwold ruling East Anglia, succeeded, in 962,
by his brother Æthelwine ; in whose later years—he
survived until 992—an acting governor was needed.
The man was found in Ulfketil,[1] evidently a Dane
by birth but English in his sympathies (see pp. 152,
153, 157).
In the ealdordom of East Anglia, Essex was not
included. This county, with perhaps Middlesex,
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