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THE USSURI REGION
347
tion that had been held here this summer and had just
closed. The various products of this colony were here
collected, and a good impression was given of the
wealth and possibilities of the country. Its mineral
wealth was represented, especially the gold and the
gold-washings. Then there were agricultural products
of all sorts, as well as agricultural machinery and
appliances, which seemed to show that farming is
making great progress here, perhaps more than in many
parts of Siberia. There were also many specimens of
home industry, which I had not expected to find in these
parts, and exhibits from schools for home industry and
other institutions. The history and ethnography of
the country were also shown in various ways, and
there was much to be learnt on these subjects under
the expert guidance of the able fråveller and student
of these regions, Captain V. Arseniev. The shapely
lines of a Tungus birch-bark canoe showed how
this ancient and widely diffused people has a sense of
elegant forms, even in their boats, in contradistinction
to other Siberian peoples, such as the Yenisei-Ostiaks.
One finds the same thing in their other gear, their ski,
for instance ; it is evidence, in any case, of an ancient
civilization which has been highly developed within its
own domain.
Not the least interesting part of this exhibition was a
little zoological garden that was attached to it. Amongst
other animals I here saw the valuable deer (cervus
Debovskii, Swinhoe), called in Chinese khoalo (in Korean
sashif), which is only found in the neighbourhood of
Vladivostok, and the horns of which are used by the
Chinese for making an elixir of life, and fetch a high
price. A similar deer, the so-called moral deer, is
found in Southern Siberia, and is there kept in captivity
for the sake of its horns, which, I was told, were sold
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