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APPENDIX
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
448
1896 was a favourable ice year. Two steamers reached
the Yenisei estuary and two left it.
1897 was a very favourable year. Eleven steamboats
sailed to the mouths of the Obi and Yenisei.
1898 seems also to have been a favourable ice year. Six
steamboats passed through the Kara Sea to the estuaries
of the Obi and Yenisei. The Russian exploration ship,
Pakhtusov, also found little ice in the Kara Sea.
In 1899 there was a lot of ice in the south of the Kara Sea.
Four large English steamers could not get through the
straits, and after one of them had sunk in the ice, the others
returned home ; but several Norwegian sealing sloops
made successful voyages through the Kara Sea, as did
the Russian Pakhtusov.
1900 was a favourable year. Baron von Toll in the
Sarya (" Dawn ") met with only small quantities of
scattered ice in the Kara Sea in the first half of August.
The Pakhtusov also met with little ice, and by the latter
half of August most of it seems to have disappeared.
Several Norwegian sealing sloops sailed out and home
through the Kara Sea, and one of them even went right
up to Franz Josef Land.
1901 was an unusually favourable year. A Norwegian
sealer found the Kara Sea free of ice as early as the begin
ning of August, and the Pakhtusov found it in the same
state in the early days of September.
In 1902 there was much ice in the Kara Sea as late as
the end of August and beginning of September, when
the Pakhtusov sailed some distance to the eastward along
the south coast, turning back on September 10. The
Samoyedes reported that the Kara Strait had been
entirely frozen that winter, and said that this happened
very rarely.
In 1903 there was much ice in the straits, and neither the
Pakhtusov nor any other ship succeeded in entering the
Kara Sea.
1904 was a very favourable year. The Pakhtusov found
the Kara Sea entirely free of ice when she entered it in
the latter half of August.
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