Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - I. Physical Geography. Introd. by [G. Sundbärg] Gunnar Andersson - 5. Flora. By H. Hesselman
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FLORA.
(73
sea-weeds and is most richly developed on a finn bottom. Besides, the
development is chiefly determined by the strength of the light and the
salinity of the water. Best developed oil the west coast, where the water
is most saline, this vegetation becomes poor and changes its character in
the Baltic and the Gulf of Bothnia in proportion to the diminution in the
salinity towards the north.
Pbotu. Gösta Florman, Stockholm
At the Mill-pool. Rätt rik: in Dalarne.
The decrease of light as the depth increases causes a distribution of sea
weeds into different depth-belts and only allows their descending to a moderate
depth, in great abundance only to about 40 meters. Three depth-belts have been
distinguished. On the west coast the upper one — the litoral belt — is
characterized by bladder seaweed (Fucks vesiculosus L.), knobbed wrack (Ascopliyllum
nodosum Le Joh), cutweed or black wrack (Fucus serratus L.), and othe^ great
olivaceous or brown sea-weeds; the middle one — the sublitoral belt —
specially by thick masses of deep-sea tangle (Laminaria saccharina Lamour. and
dt-gitata Lamour.); and to the lowest — the elitoral belt — gorgeous red rea-weeds
(florideae) give a distinctive character. Laminaria cannot stand the brackish
water of the Baltic; and even thr florideae diminish as one passes up the Baltic.
Here the elitoral belt does not exist; but on the other hand the green sea-weeds
often form a green covering of the rocks near the surface of the water, and the
above mentioned high-grass belt often characterizes shallow, landlocked bays.
The flora of Sweden immigrated after the Glacial period. When the
iceedge retreated, it was followed by a plant-world, which took possession
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