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II. THE SWEDISH PEOPLE.
of the coastal districts of Norrland, in larger consecutive tracts in south-east
Dalarne and around Lake Mälaren, and is the general density for Götaland,
north of Malmöhus län.
The distinguishing tint on the map for a density of population of 25—49
souls per sq. km (the sixth degree), is found sporadically as far north as in
the saw-mill districts of Västernorrland, but becomes first more general only in the
valleys of Lake Mälaren. A large part of the län of Skaraborg shows this tint,
and likewise the plain of Östergötland. This probably indicates the greatest
density, which, with a few exceptions, is to be found in any Swedish agricultural
district north of Skåne.
With the highest degree of density (50 inh. and above per sq. km) we
generally reach the industrial centres. But even this density is represented in
the rural parts of Norrland by certain parishes, all with a strong industrial
element. In the provinces around Lake Mälaren, this gradation occurs exceptionally,
usually in parishes which contain a railway junction, a rather large factory,
or the like. It is met with somewhat more often in Götaland, and here also
it suggests that the main sources of subsistence are other than agriculture. Only
in south Skåne is there to be found uninterrupted agricultural district which is
so thickly peopled. On the other hand, all cities and market towns belong to
this gradation.
The grouping of the population, at least in the agricultural parts, is closely
connected with the geological features of Sweden. It is therefore of interest
to compare the map showing the density of population with the geological chart.
In later days, however, industry, independently of the character of the soil, has
caused certain displacements of the population, e. g., in the saw-mill districts
of Norrland.
Moreover, it may be pointed out that a chart of the density of population,
arranged under to communes, is quite different from a similar map following
the natural divisions of the country. Such a map — which by the way is
rather difficult to produce — should, among other things, emphasize the fact
that, in Norrland, by far the largest proportion of the population is concentrated
along the coast and in the river valleys, between which lie empty tracts many
miles in length.
Table 12. Communes of Sweden arranged according to Density [ of
Population.
Communes grouped according to density of population Area land Sq. km 1 Population, 1910 Inhab. per sq. km 1 land In % of the
kingdom
Area [-Population-] {+Popula- tion+}
Less than 1 inhab. per sq. km1 . . . 96 543 52 904 0-5 üS-53 0-96
1—4 » » 5 ... 112 970 244 862 2-2 27-53 4-43
5-9 > > ... 42 904 298 886 7 10-45 5-41
10-14 » » ... 52 121 626 250 12 12-70 11-34
15-24 > > ... 65 480 1 217 981 19 15-96 22-06
25-49 * » ... 32 006 1036 233 32 7-80 18-76
50 or above » > » ... 8 330 2 045 287 246 2-03 37-04
Total in 1910 410354 5 522408 13 5 lOO-oo lOO-oo
1 The table is arranged according to the area and population of communes. In the
drawing and tinting of the map divergencies have been made from the boundaries of
communes in certain cases, and in consequence of this, the most thinly peopled belt
covers on the map a somewhat larger portion of the kingdom than the table indicates.
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