Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - III. Constitution and Administration. Introd. by E. Hildebrand - 2. State Administration. By E. Söderberg - Hygiene and Care of the Sick. By C. E. Waller and R. Moosberg - Watering and Bathing places. By A. Levertin
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312 III. CONSTITUTION AND ADMINISTRATION.
many. In the neighbourhood of Ramlösa there is an alkaline spring, the only
one of its kind in the country. The strongest chalybeate spring is at Ronneby,
and it contains sulphate of iron, alum, etc., the rest have carbonate of iron, e. g.,
Porla, Lundsbrunn, Lannaskeda, Medevi, Ramlösa, Sätra, etc. Most of these
are more or less strongly charged with radium. — Sweden has a great number
of establishments for water cures. The oldest is Söderköping, founded by
Lagberg in 1842, others are at Bie and Södertälje, and there are in addition
the more recent Mösseberg (1867), Hjo (1878), Ulricehamn, and Saltsjöbaden
(1903). Smaller places are Nybro, Djursätra, Sätra, etc. "Kneipp institutions"
are found at Borg, Tranås and Ryd. — There are a large number of seaside
sanatoria: on the west-coast, Strömstad, the oldest salt-water bathing resort,
Mar-strand, Lysekil, Varberg, etc. Situated on the Baltic are Borgholm, Visby,
Nynäs, Norrtälje, etc. — A speciality which does not occur in other countries,
is the Swedish mud-bath, of which the oldest and original type is at Loka,
where this style of bath was used as early as about 1760. This method of
treatment has extended since, in more or less modified forms, to most of the
Swedish sanatoria. It is something quite different from the German
"Moor-bath" in which warm mud is employed in differing degrees of heat and
consistency. In Sweden, the bather is "massaged" with mud in various manners.
No subsequent warm bath is taken at Loka, but only treatment by douche; in
other places the treatment with mud is followed by a warm bath and a douche
afterwards. At all Swedish sanatoria courses of gymnastics and massage are
given.
The annual number of visitors for cures in Sweden is relatively large, but as
is seen, varies with the economic condition of the country. In recent years, they
may be computed at 35 000 at least, classified according to the scales of charges.
Few lands exist where less well-to-do people receive treatment of this kind to
such an extent as in Sweden. At many health resorts there are "bath hospitals"
where treatment is given at reduced charges or gratis. Free patients in 1912
numbered nearly 2 000. Hospitals of this class are found at Medevi, Bie,
Ramlösa, Ronneby, Mösseberg, etc. Complaints commonly treated are all kinds of
"rheumatism", general weakness, anaemia, chlorosis; diseases of the nerves, stomach,
ntestines, heart, and kidneys; and those affecting the joints and bones.
The combating of Tuberculosis has of låte years become one of the
burning questions of the day over the whole civilized world, and has also
attracted the greatest attention in Sweden. The first powerful impulse to a
real solution of the question was offered by the Soc. of Swedish
Physicians, in the spring of 1896, after a thorough debate on all aspects of the
question, the special outcome of which was the insight into the importance
of providing opportunities for treatment in sanatoria of patients of small
means, too. Consequently, as early as 1897, King Oscar II, at his silver
Jubilee, devoted 2 200 000 kronor, the whole of the gift offered by the
nation ("the Jubilee Fund"), to the establishment of sanatoria for the
indigent or less well-to-do patients. In 1898, the Riksdag voted 850 000
kronor for the same purpose. From these collective resources three rather
large institutions were founded: Hålahult in Närke, which was opened on
July 13, 1900, Österåsen in Ångermanland, and Hessleby in Småland,
opened in 1901. The yearly expences of maintenance of these Sanatoria
is covered partly by patients’ contributions (about 200 000 kronor), and
a disbursement from the Jubilee Fund (about 80 000), and partly, since
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