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358 iv. education and mental culture.
Children who have belonged to the "self-aid classes" (hjälpklasser) of the
Stockholm elementary schools can live in the country the whole year round at the
"Working Colony" (arbetskoloni) at Lillsjönäs, a property granted for this purpose
by the town of Stockholm. At the Working Colony the boys are trained as
agricultural labourers, and the girls are trained to household work. When they
leave the Colony, suitable situations are, if possible, procured for them. The
Colony was started in 1911. Thus out of the 42 pupils who had been received
there during the three first years, 14 boys and 4 girls had before the close of
1914 obtained promising situations. The society whose mission it is to look
after children from the "self-aid classes" has also sent children who had not yet
left those classes, to vacation colonies during the summer holidays. In 1914 30
of these children were sent to a colony in Dalarne, and 17 were taken on during
the summer months at Lillsjönäs.
School materials and school libraries. The Department for
Ecclesiastical Affairs sends out to all the school boards a copious list of
school materials which the elementary schools can procure at considerably
reduced rates. For this purpose the State makes an annual grant,
amounting in 1912 to 30 000 kronor, to compensate the publishers for the
reduction. The school libraries and parish libraries are managed by the
school boards. In some of the towns these school libraries are pretty
extensive. Thus at Stockholm in 1913 there were 16 school libraries
possessing altogether 38 871 books and at Gothenburg in the same year
there were 9 school libraries with an aggregate of 10 982 books. The
number of "book loans" in that year was at Stockholm 89 930 and at
Gothenburg 59 330.
Local regulations in certain towns. The foregoing account has dealt with
the general regulations as to the organization of elementary schools. In virtue
of the great difference which exists between the conditions in the towns and in
the country, a special law has been issued with regard to the elementary schools
in certain towns. It came into force on the 1st January 1910. This law is
in force in the towns where the Government, at request of the Town Council
or the Vestry Meeting, has so appointed. These regulations differ from the
general regulations in the following points: The administration of the elementary
schools devolves on the municipality. The immediate government is in the
hands of a School Board, which superintends the instruction and administers
the finances. It submits proposals to the Town Council. It is empowered to
appoint and dismiss teachers. Where not otherwise prescribed, the School Board
consists of the rector of the parish, or, where there are several rectors, of the
one elected by the Chapter, and of not less than eight, and not more than
twenty other members, half of whom are elected by the Town Council and half
by the Vestry Meeting (or Vestry Meetings). For the town of Stockholm and
some else larger towns separate regulations are prescribed.
Regulations concerning elementary education in the North of Sweden. In the
northernmost regions of Sweden, where the people speak Lappic or Finnish,
and where the population is poor and sparse, the State makes greater sacrifices
for the benefit of national education than in other parts of the country. In the
State training colleges for infant school teachers (see above), pupils who can
speak Lappic or Finnish and who engage to take posts as teachers for Lapp or
Finnish children are awarded larger scholarships than usual. The schools for
Lapp children and the schools for Finnish-speaking children are supported en-
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