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schools for the deaf and dumb.
367
as will be seen furtheron, a tendency has been discernable in the direction of
giving the movement a firmer and more unified organization.
At every school there is a trial class of one year, where the children are
tested as to whether they can be advanced to the standard of the
articulation-method, which is the main feature of the school and aims at the pupil’s learning
to speak and also to read the spoken language from the lips of others. Those
who cannot are placed in the classes for writing-methods, which teach the
"manual alphabet" and writing, or in that for the method of signs, which
embraces gestures, supplemented, to a greater or less extent, by writing and the
manual alphabet. But even children who are taught according to the
articulation-method are divided into groups, according to their ability in following instruction
— a regulation which constitutes one of the cornerstones of the Swedish
organization for teaching deaf-mutes.
School for the Deaf and Dumb, Vänersborg.
The deaf and dumb schools are large establishments (accommodating, in some
eases, a hundred pupils or more), with newly erected, costly buildings (to a total
value of about 21/2 million kronor), and excellent educational appliances.
The instruction, as far as the subjects are concerned, is dual for boys and
girls (a feature peculiar to the Germanic Deaf and Dumb school) and it generally
extends over 40 weeks in the year and comprises the usual elementary school
subjects. The boys are, in addition, taught wood-work, tailoring, and shoemaking;
the girls, sewing, weaving, and household duties, and, in some schools, even
iookery. Some schools teach both boys and girls gardening
At some schools, attempts have been made to start a continuation course,
-vhich has succeeded well and been gratefully attended by the deaf-mutes.
Only one of the former private schools now exists, the Deaf and Dumb School
it Lidingön, near Stockholm, which receives adult female deaf-mutes after the com-
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