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406
iv. education and mental culture.
paid according to the number of teaching hours have at least 60 kronor a year
for every week hour they teach, and "instructors" (övningslärarinnor) in writing,
drawing, music, gymnastics, and domestic economy likewise 60 kronor: a teacher
of sloyd (inclusively needlework) has 50 kronor a year per week hour. In certain
cases the "instructors" have an increment to their salary reckoned according to
10 kronor per week hour in the second grade and 20 kronor in the third. The
State contributes to the salaries of teachers to the extent of 200 kronor a year
for every regular teacher who receives a salary commencing at 1 400 kronor, and
to the extent of two-thirds of the ålderstillägg (see above) guaranteed to
headmistresses and regular teachers; the municipality, or private donors, as the case
may be, are bound to provide the remaining third of the increment.
The teachers in the girls’ secondary schools are nearly all women: in certain
cases there are "outside" masters (salaried according to number of hours),
especially in the higher classes and in the "gymnasium" classes.
As to pensions there is the State Pension Establishment for Women
Teachers (Lärarinnornas Pensionsanstalt). In State-aided schools the head-mistress,
the regular teachers, and other teachers who have at least 10 hours a week in
one or more State-aided schools, in the classes above the preparatory department,
are obliged to be members of this pension fund. The State contribution is a
third of the lowest pension fee, the municipality, the private donors, or the school, as
the case may be, contribute another third. The annual pension fee for the
headmistress and for the regular teachers is: minimum 180 kronor, maximum 240
kronor, depending on the age of membership. In order to obtain the highest
pension, namely 1 200 kronor, the teacher must have attained the age of 60; but
she has the option of taking a reduced pension at the age of 55. Teachers who
do not belong to the State Pension Establishment may obtain a smaller pension
from a private pension fund, Svenska Lärarinnornas Pensionsförening. To this
fund the State contributes 60 kronor a year for teachers in the preparatory
classes, on certain conditions.
The State Högre Lärarinneseminariet, or Higher Training College for
Women, comprises according to the new organization two obligatory courses,
namely a one-year Lower Course and a two-year Higher Course, besides an
optional "Continuation Course". The Lower Course is for general education,
the Higher for special studies and for practical training.
The subjects in the Lower Course are Religion, Swedish language and
literature, German, English, French, Psychology and Logic, History and Social
Science, Geography, Biology, Physiology, Physics and Astronomy, Chemistry
and Geology, and Mathematics. Four of these subjects may be excluded, but
not more than four, and not Religion (except for pupils of other confessions),
Swedish, Psychology and Logic, or Physiology; one of the foreign languages
must be taken. Drawing, Singing, and Gymnastics are obligatory, though
exemption from Gymnastics or Singing may be obtained on the ground of a doctor’s
certificate, or for other cogent reasons.
The subjects in the Higher Course are Pedagogics, Theology, Swedish,
German, English, French, History of Literature and Art, History and Political
Science, Geography, Hygiene, Zoology, Botany, Chemistry with Mineralogy and
Geology, Physics with Astronomy and Mathematics. Every pupil has to take
— besides Pedagogics, Hygiene inclusively School Hygiene, and one optional
subject, —• a fixed group of connected subjects. Moreover, each pupil during
the first year of the Higher Course must take part in a "Training Course" in the
Swedish language, comprising written composition and elocution.
If any pupil desire to arrange her course of studies in another way, or for
special reasons to take an extra subject, the staff of teachers, will consider the
case. Drawing, Singing, and Gymnastics are optional in the Higher Course.
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