Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - IV. Education and Mental Culture. Introd. by P. E. Lindström - 5. Swedish Gymnastics. Introd. by N. Sellén - Medical Gymnastics on Ling's System. By A. Wide - Zander's Medico-mechanical System of Gymnastics. By A. Levertin
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
Below is the raw OCR text
from the above scanned image.
Do you see an error? Proofread the page now!
Här nedan syns maskintolkade texten från faksimilbilden ovan.
Ser du något fel? Korrekturläs sidan nu!
This page has never been proofread. / Denna sida har aldrig korrekturlästs.
zander’s medico-mechanical system of gymnastics.
433
Between 1880 and 1890, Stockholm began to be visited by large numbers
of foreign medical men, for the purpose of studying medical gymnastics,
mostly from Germany, Austria, Russia, and America; since 1890, by
many from Switzerland, France, and Italy too. The other Scandinavian
countries had already profited by Swedish experience.
In proportion as Swedish medical gymnastics have become known and
their merits recognized in foreign countries, Swedish gymnasts have, in a
word, been appointed throughout the whole of the civilized world,
particularly in the larger towns and health resorts in Europe, but many also in
America, and some even in Asia.
At first medical gs^mnastics were employed chiefly in cases of
affections of the visceral organs and nervous system; by degrees they began to
be employed for pains in the joints and for deformities of various kinds,
and have been recently applied to increase the efficiency of the functions,
after external injuries and surgical operations, and finally, to shorten the
period of convalecense after certain fevers.
Among Swedish authors dealing with this subject may be mentioned J.
Ar-vedson, T. Brandt, P. Haglund, T. J. Hartelius, Emil A. G. Kleen, P. H. Ling,
H. Sätherberg, A. Wide, E. W. Wretlind, E. Zander, and G. Zander. The most
complete works on the subject are the "Manual of Medical and Orthopedic
Gymnastics and Massage", by A. Wide and D. Rancken, 3d edition, 1912,
Stockholm, also published in German, French, and English; and "A Handbook
on Massage and Medical Gymnastics", by Emil A. G. Kleen, with contributions
by J. Arvedson, P. Haglund and E. Zander, 2nd edition, Stockholm, 1911.
Zander’s Medico-mechanical System of Gymnastics.
The working out of this gymnastic system was begun as far back
as 1857 by Dr Gustaf Zander at Stockholm. His first institute was
started in the capital in 1865.
The purpose of the Zander system is to render possible by means of
mechanical apparatus the exercise of the muscles of the human body, and to
produce certain mechanical effects upon the organism as a whole or upon
ceitain parts of it. Like the manual system of gymnastics it is based upon
Ling’s teaching that changes in the organism, caused by illness, can be remedid
and removed by means of systematic exercises for the muscles. In order that
a movement may be effectual, it must overcome a certain amount of resistance,
which in manual gymnastics is produced by the trained hand of the operator,
but in mechanical gymnastics by an adjustable weight attached to a graduated
lever, by means of which the strength of the resistance at every moment of
the exercise can be measured. Every apparatus constructed for the separate
groups of muscles is, therefore, to a certain extent, to be regarded as really a
dynamometer, because it aims at measuring the strength of. the group of
muscles acted upon.
If the muscle is given too strong a resistance, to oyercome, it shows this by
a tremulous and irregular movement, which indicates that the point of maximum
working power has, for the time being, been reached. This can obviously be
altered when the muscle has, through training, obtained increased power, a
phenomenon which can be observed daily during the exercises.
28—133179. Sweden. /.
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
