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48(5
iv. education and mental culture.
fully describing student life in the ’forties — especially that of Uppsala. August
Söderman (1832—16) was Swedish in his music as in temperament. The
majority of his works bear witness to a richness of invention and independence.
His original, simple, and shapely melodies are often connected with the music
and structure of folk songs. He has composed exquisite ballads for orchestral
performance ("Tannhäuser", "The Mill-Ruin", "The Black Knight", The Mermaid",
"Heart-Grief", "The Pilgrimage to Kevlaar"), Roman Catholic masses, chorales
for mixed and men’s voices, "The Yeoman’s Wedding", and others music for
scenic setting, ("The Wedding at Ulvåsa", "The Maid of Orleans", "Richard III",
etc.), solos etc. His chorales for men, whether serious or humorous, and his
delightful animated songs, have earned wider vogue in Sweden than those of
most other composers; his’ "Yeoman’s Wedding" and "Ulvåsa-march" are
well-known in various quarters of the globe.
August Söderman.
The majority ofj Swedish composers have written songs for one voice. In
those produced by Emil Sjögren (born 1853) there is a predominance of works
evincing rich fancy, a flow and warmth of melody, and skilful grasp of
accompaniment. Larger pieces occur amongst them, such as the magnificent "The Miner",
and the comical "Bailiff at Tenneberg". Sjögren is distinguished among
contemporary composers as the one whose songs are probably the most known and
best received both in Sweden and abroad. Besides, he is the author of eight
sonatas and a large number of pieces for the piano, organ etc.
Instrumental composition has flourished increasingly ever since the beginning
of last century. Franz Berwald (1796—1868) an original man and full of ideas,
called by Hans von Bulow "a musician who thinks for himself", wrote no less
than four symphonies, orchestral pieces, a great amount of chamber music,
etc. Albert Rubenson (1826—1901) in the sphere of symphonies, (symphony
in C-major) was probably the first in Sweden to appropriate folk-melodies. We
may mention three symphonies, 4 overtures, an octet, sextettes, a quintet, and
quartets, etc., among the instrumental achievements of Ludvig Norman (1831—
85); they are noble and perfect in form. In addition, he has composed
excellent pieces for choirs ("Rosa rorans", a motette, cantatas) and a number of
songs, in which the gentle and kindly side of his character is predominant.
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