Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - V. Social Movements - 3. Temperance Question. By Einar J:son Thulin
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temperance question.
741
These were directed against over-production. For instance, permission to
manufacture spirits was at first only given for two months during the year. This
period was then gradually extended little by little, so that manufacture for
consumption is now generally allowed from October 1 to May 1 Regulations
controlling the minimum and maximum of production have bene changed by
different ordinances: at present they range from a minimum of 8 000 to a
maximum of 600 000 liters. Special duties, over and above the normal ones,
are imposed in cases where the output exceeds the maximum or falls below the
minimum.
By a decision of the Riksdag in 1903, the taxes on the manufacture of
intoxicants were extended also to malt liquors, and in addition a stamp-duty of 60
ore per liter was imposed on the sale of punch, and on that of arrack and rum
in 1907. For every kilogram of malt used in brewing, a payment of 11 ore
must be made, except for the first 200 000 kilograms turned out in the year;
for the latter a lower rate of 2 to 9 ore is imposed; immunity from taxation
is enjoyed by breweries which only produce small beer ("svagdricka", less than
21/4% alkohol). By a regulation made in 1907, the malt-tax was raised to 12 ore
for the production just mentioned, and again to 23 ore in 1909; nevertheless
the impost on the first 100 000 kilograms turned out in the year stands at
17 ore, and the next 100 000 kilograms is charged at the rate of 20 ore.
As a result of motions introduced into the Riksdag of 1853—54, a new
regulation for sale was produced in connection with limitations set by the regulation
respecting manufacture. This was issued by the Government in the beginning
of 1855. It included a large number of previous regulations, on which up till
then had been based the sale of spirits; and in several respects it created new
conditions for the work of temperance, by systematizing legislation. The right
to sell spirit was now made dependent on permission specially granted by the
governor of the län, after the responsible authorities of a commune had
supported the introduction of the sale of spirits in their district. No special
permission was required for the sale of spirits in quantities of 15 "kannor"
(about 40 liters) at least ("wholesale trade"), or by those who already held a
license, i. e., innkeepers and privileged dealers in the towns. No fresh
privileges were permitted, and in accordance with a decision taken by the Riksdag
in 1873, it was ordained that only innkeepers’ licenses in force before 1874
could be maintained, and even those not beyond the life interest of the
owner or his wife. The sale of spirits for which special permits were requisite
was divided into two classes, the retail and bar trade. In the latter, the sale
of the smallest quantities was allowed for consumption on or off the premises;
in such cases, food must always be obtainable, and the bar trade must never be
practised in conjunction with other business. In retail trade, spirit could not be
sold for consumption on the spot, and the minimum to be sold and taken away
was fixed at half a "kanna" (later at one liter, viz. 0’3 liter), and retail trade
in the country districts could not exist in conjunction with other business. —
After the decision made to allow the sale of spirits in the commune by others
than those dealers who made a claim as innkeepers, freemen, or privileged
persons, it was made a condition that the license should run for 3 years at most.
Licenses in a town might either be sold by public auction to the bidder or
bidders who undertook to pay duty on the greatest number of liters, or the sale
might be handed over to a company. The granting of a spirit-license to
companies in rural districts was forbidden by statute, but exceptions to this were
made by the administration in the case of certain market towns. If in a town
the company possessed the exclusive right of selling, then one or more of the
spirit licenses taken over by the company might be transferred to private
individuals. In connection with the permanent licenses just named, an occasional
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