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II.
INDUSTRIES OF SWEDEN.
A GENERAL SURVEY.
Sweden is one of the larger European countries, extending mainly
from North to South. The consequence of this conformation of the land
is that greater divergences are contained within it than within most other
countries. Between the fertile plains of Skåne and the mountains of
Lappland the contrast is enormous, the extremes, however, being linked
together by multifarious transitions in climate and soil in the intervening
provinces. With her manifold and varied possibilities Sweden, so to
speak, forms a world apart. In configuration Sweden is one continuous
body of land, two-thirds bounded by seas, which, however, are mainly
inland seas. In the interior there are many large pieces of water with
outlets that form either navigable rivers, or streams with falls and rapids.
Out 3f the 44 786 448 hectares which constitute the total area of the
country, no less than 3 685 255 are water, leaving 41 101 193 hectares
as the actual land area.1 The following Table 1 will show what portion of
this area is cultivable, what uncultivable, and the proportion between the
different kinds of cultivation.
After this preliminary survey of the country as the arena of the various
activities of its inhabitants in pursuit of a livelihood, we shall proceed to
adduce a few data as to the inhabitants themselves, grouped according to
the chief occupations from which they derive their subsistence. Table 2
classifies the Swedish people into leading groups, ranged according to
occupations, at different periods during the last few decades.
These two tables, of Land and of People, afford a kind of bird’s eye
view of the industries and occupations of the people, as they now are,
as they have been in the past, and as they are tending to become. They
1 Cf. Part I, Table 1 with more recent figures.
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