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24 II. THE INDUSTRIES OF SWEDEN.
Table 6. Mortality in Sweden,
Year Death-rate per 1000 oi the mean
population Dèath-rate in the first year" of life per 1000 births of living children during the year
1861 18-47 137-3
1862 21-40 139-3
1863 19-33 132-6
1864 20-25 i36-7
1865 19-36 135-1
1866 19 98 126-9
1867 19-64 1401
1868 20-98 168-3
1869 22-27 145-8
1870 19-80 131-9
1871 17-21 113-7
1872 16 28 128-3
1873 17-20 128-8
1874 20-32 146-7
1875 20-27 1490
1876 19-59 140-2
1877 18-66 125-5
1878 1806 134-2
1879 16-94 111-2
1880 18-10 120-7
1881 17-68 112-7
1882 17-35 124-6
1883 17-31 115-7
1884 17-53 1132
1885 17-75 114-3
1886 16-si 111-2
1887 16-13 103-1
1888 15-99 100-3
1889 15-99 107-2
1890 17-12 103-1
1891 16-81 107-9
1892 17-88 109-2
1893 16-83 101-2
1894 16-38 100-9
1895 15-19 94-7
1896 15-64 103-3
1897 15-35 98-6
1898 1508 908
1899 17-65 111-7
1900 16-84 98-5
1901 1605 102-9
1902 1537 86-4
1903 15-09 92-8
1904 15-29 84-4
1905 15 62 88-3
1906 14-37 81-0
1907 14-59 76-8
1908 14-91 85-4
1909 13-67 72-2
1910 14-04 75-1
such as temperature, temporary outbreaks of epidemic diseases among the
people, that determine the rate of infant mortality. This proves that the
masses have reached a point above the "bare minimum required for
existence", when every temporary deterioration of the economical situation
makes itself felt in an increase of infant mortality. The Danes and the
Norwegians appear to be the only nations that can exhibit a case like
this. The great civilized countries surpass Sweden in national riches, but
not in national prosperity. Nowhere has infant mortality, accordingly,
descended as low as among the Scandinavian peoples. The economic
development of the past generation has in Sweden been attended by an
improvement in the condition not only of the rich, but also of the common
people: this is the gladdening result which these figures point to.
The scattered indications given above of the progress made by the
Swedish people during the past generation are fully endorsed by the assessments
of the wealth of the nation that have been made from time to time, and to
which we shall now pass over.
The National Wealth.
The aggregate possessions of a country or people, in other words, the
national wealth, is the sum of . the material property and foreign claims
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