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the present position of the dairy-industry in sweden.
117
and tasting, by determining the amount of foreign matter contained, and also by
the so-called reduction-test, which gives an approximate estimate of the quantity of
micro-organisms contained by the sample of milk. The results of this examination
can occasion remarks, warnings, reductions in price, or a refusal to accept the milk
supplied, all in accordance with special regulations. The tests for the
l’at-per-centage, which form the basis of the calculation of the price of the milk, is
usually carried out by means of Lindström’® butyrometer, which has proved
very suitable for testing large quantities of milk.
Trade mark for choicest Swedish butter, placed on the barrels and paper
(The rune mark).
Trade in dairy produce. Milk and cream. In all the larger centres of
population in Sweden, the communal authorities have had regulations issued
regarding the sale of milk, with the demands of milk-hygiene more or less
strictly applied, and often with a minimum limit for the percentage of fat.
Some amount of milk and cream is exported to Denmark and Germany; the
export of cream to Germany, especially, ought to be profitable as long as
there is no duty on it; butter, however, has to pay duty. Butter. The
home butter-market is protected by a duty of 20 ore per kilogram. The
principal aim of this duty is to prevent in some measure the import of cheap
Siberian butter, and in this way it serves to protect the home production of
"farm-butter"’ and of margarine. At present the greater part of the butter made
in the dairies is exported. The amount of this export, and the share taken by
various countries since the beginning of the present century can be seen by
Table 27.
The export is principally via Gothenburg, Malmö, and Halmstad. The butter
exported via Malmö is sent for the most part by the Skåne Butter Export As-
Table 27. Exports of Butter, by Destination.
Year Total exports, by quintal S, t 0 Percentage
Other
England Denmark Germany countries Total England Denmark Germany countries Total
1900 . 105 737 85 747 117 27 191628 55-18 44-75 0-06 001 100
1902 . 98 876 101 014 146 513 200549 49-30 50-37 0-07 0-26 100
1904 . 101898 93 003 207 593 195 701 52-07 47-52 0-11 0-30 100
1906 . 107 340 53 899 371 380 161 ’.m 66-26 33-27 0-23 0-24 100
1908 . 135 694 44 966 488 429 181577 74-73 24-76 0-27 0-24 100
1910 . 163 057 50 925 2 901 616 217 499 74-97 23-41 1-33 0-29 100
1912 . 159 288 44 047 8 332 700 212367 7501 20-74 392 0-33 100
Note. An altered arrangement of the respective statistics also influences the figures
after 1904.
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