Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - III. Rural Husbandry. Introd. by H. Juhlin Dannfelt - 4. Public and Private Institutions for the Advancement of Agriculture. Introd. by W. Flach - Agricultural Education. By L. Holmström
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agricultural education.
127
course, at least 200 hours shall be employed in giving preparatory instruction
in spelling and writing, arithmetic, and natural science; during the second
winter half-year, at least 880 hours shall be employed in theoretical instruction in
agricultural subjects proper.
The pupils in the one-year’s course shall also take part in the above
instruction. The pupils have to take part in all kinds of farm-work and shall also act
as farm-managers; the training of farm-managers can, as a matter of fact, be
regarded as the chief mission of the agricultural school. Every such school shall
accommodate 20 pupils in the two-years’ course and 8 in the one-year’s course.
There are special regulations for the agricultural schools in Norrland and
Dalarne, the theoretical-practical course continuing there only one year while, in
addition, there is a theoretical winter course. Both courses begin on
November 1. The first common regulations for the agricultural schools were issued
on January 14, 1851. The new regulations have been in force from
November 1, 1912. Up to the present, agricultural schools have existed in most
of the läns of Sweden, but, in future, their total will be restricted to 9, in
addition to the 2 at the agricultural high schools and the 4 in Norrland. The
first-named schools receive an annual State grant of 7 500 kronor; those in
Norrland, 6 000 kronor. In 1914 there were 14 agricultural schools with a
total of 381 pupils.
Farmers’ Schools are intended to give a knowledge of the principles of
agriculture, chiefly with a view to the conditions obtaining on
middle-sized and smaller farms. The new regulations for these schools date
from 1 November, 1912.
The farmers’ schools, as was mentioned above, were originally a higher
division of the People’s High School and, hitherto, have all been of the same type.
According to the new regulations, however, these schools can be established
according to one of two forms, which differ in the instruction given:
Farmers’ schools, A, corresponding to the original farmers’ schools, and the
Farmers’ schools, B, which, in accordance with their purpose, can be characterized
as schools for the small farmer. In both these types of schools, but in
varying-degrees of course, there shall be given theoretical instruction in 1) rudimentary
subjects, such as the Swedish language, arithmetic, geometry, natural science,
biology, geology, etc.; 2) principal subjects, the science of agriculture, the study
of domestic animals, dairy-farming, the care of cattle in sickness, farriery,
agricultural economy and book-keeping, and 3) in a number of subordinate subjects
such as gardening, forestry, surveying, levelling, linear-drawing, the principles
of communal self-government, etc. The term shall last at least 20 weeks,
and the pupils must be able to visit a well-managed estate for demonstration
purposes. The pupils must themselves pay for their board, together with a
certain fee for tuition. Under certain conditions the annual State grant can amount
to 6 000 kronor; the fixed grant is 2 000 kronor. The sum that can be
received in excess of this last-mentioned grant depends on the number of pupils,
and also on an equal amount being received from the place itself, inclusive
of pupils’ fees. The Agricultural Society of the provincial län shall also state
that the school is required in the district.
The farmers’ schools are chiefly attended by young men who intend to
become owners of farms, and who have received practical training in their parents’
homes, or as working-pupils on private farms. Many young men, however, obtain
sufficient theoretical training at the farmers’ schools to be able to take
positions as managers or bailiffs, or to farm large estates privately. Young
women, too, can obtain admission to these farmers’ schools, and also to the agri-
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