Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - IV. Forestry - 2. Forest Industries. By E. Arosenius
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forest industries.
193
vall, which, in 1ST4, was up to 170 kronor per standard (4’672 cubic meters),
fell in 1879 to 76 kronor. A serious commercial crisis followed. In one respect,
however, it brought about a good result, by clearing the timber trade from a
considerable amount of unsound elements; from persons whose only purpose was
to make a fortune as rapidly and with as little work as possible, without the
slightest heed to the future stability of the industry or to the future of their
workmen. For the men of better character engaged in this industry, the hard
years brought with them many wholesome lessons; they learned to neutralize
the fall in prices by more carefully utilizing the standing timber, by employing
cheaper methods of work at the mills, by a more perfected working up of the
timber, and a more thorough utilization of the waste wood which had formerly
been considered worthless. The prices of timber have since then undergone many
fluctuations, but none so violent as those just mentioned. This matter will be
referred to further on.
In order to illustrate the growth of the saw-mill industry, a few figures
may here be given. In 1821 (the same year that the first reduction of
customs-duties in England took place), Sweden had 3 633 saw-mills with an output of
267 000 dozen deals and boards, about 200 000 dozen of which were exported.
Forty years later, our country owned 59 steam saw-mills and 4 933 water or
wind saw-mills, and the export of deals and boards alone amounted to 1 478 000
dozen. After the lapse of fifteen years more, this export had been trebled again,
and the total export of all classes of rough timber rose to a value of upwards
of 100 million kronor, and at present the value of the total timber export
has attained the figure of 300 million kronor (in 1912).
As shown by Table 34, below, timber-goods play an
extraordinarily important role in the foreign trade of Sweden, as far as exports
are concerned.
Table 34. Sweden’s Imports and Exports of Timber (unwrought and
wrought).
Imports. Thousands of Kronor Exports. Thousands of Kronor In % of the whole
Annually Sawn and Sawn and
[-Un-wrought-]
{+Un- wrought+} more or less Total [-Un-wrought-] {+Un- wrought+} more or less Total Imports2 Exports^
and hewn wrought! and hewn wrought!
1871- -75 . . . 754 983 1 737 16 444 74 734 91178 0-71 44-58
1876- -80 . . . 724 1248 1972 15 476 83 428 98 904 0-73 4713
1881- -85 . . . 1486 1849 3335 15 573 94 393 109966 105 4512
1886- -90 . . . 1544 2193 3 737 14 955 101 821 116 776 I’ll 42 84
1891- -95 . . . 1929 2 624 4 553 16 933 119 786 136 719 1’30 42-96
1896- -00 . . . 3 601 1840 5 441 18 339 161140 179479 1-21 50-05
1901- -05 . . . 2 747 2114 4 861 19 475 180 040 199 515 0’91 48-67
1906- -10 . . . 7 658 2 766 10424 20 520 214 669 235 189 1-62 45-63
1909 8 043 2 439 10 482 19 006 193 778 212 784 1-70 44-99
1910 12 438 2 686 15124 18 319 246 417 264 736 2’25 44-65
1911 11 004 4 077 15 081 18 711 255 427 274138 216 41-31
1912 12 748 6 303 19 051 16 898 284 435 301333 2-43 39-62
1 In these figures there are included among the wrought goods both wood pulp and
matches. — 2 Imports and exports of wood-goods in % of the total imports and exports
of the kingdom, of all goods.
13—133179. Sweden. II.
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