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SHOOTING AND FISHING.
1. SHOOTING AND SHOOTING LEGISLATION.
In ancient times, shooting and fishing were the chief sources of
subsistence of the inhabitants of the North, but after cattle had begun to be
raised and the soil had begun to be tilled, shooting was no longer a
necessity for the support of life, but was diligently practised, partly as a
valuable subsidiary source of subsistence, and partly to protect the herds
from beasts of pre3?; it was, besides held in high esteem as a manly sport.
Game, which was at that time very plentiful, was considered as "belonging
to nobody", and it could be freely hunted everywhere. With the gradual progress
of civilization and the consequent decrease of game, legislation began to impose
restrictions on the general right to free shooting, and the owners of land were
given the sole right to shoot over their own land, with an exception in the case
of beasts of prey, which could still be hunted and killed anywhere by anybody.
But in course of time the idea became prevalent that the right to shoot, even
on private ground, belonged to certain privileged persons, and by the Royal
Statute of Aug. 29, 1664, the landed peasants almost entirely lost the right to
kill or catch game not looked upon as beasts of prey. Only by the Royal
Ordinance of Febr. 21, 1789, more minutely confirmed by the Royal Statute of
April 13, 1808, was the right of landowners to shoot over their own property
re-established.
The game-law now in force, issued Nov. 8, 1912, also recognizes as its
main principle the right of the landowner to shoot over his own land, but
if the land is let to anyone for tillage, the right of shooting over it goes
to the tenant, unless otherwise agreed. Consequently, unless a special
agreement is made, no one may shoot over land owned or leased by another
person. Exceptions are made, however, in the case of the wolf, the
glutton, and the seal, or seadog, which may be killed wherever they may be
found, even if they happen to lie on another person’s property.
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