Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - V. Shooting and Fishing - 2. Fishing. By [F. Trybom] O. Nordqvist
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230
v. shooting and fishing.
the North Sea, a fishery which, carried 011 from small, decked motor-boats,
is pursued at an earlier period in the Skagerrak and Kattegat, where, in
the early part of the summer, mackerel is caught by means of drift-nets.
The Swedish mackerel line fishery in the North Sea, which began in 1884,
now ranks in importance next to the herring-fishery. In 1912, the Swedish
mackerel-fishery brought in at first hand about 1 892 000 kr. The greater
part of the mackerel caught by line in the North Sea is salted and split,
and exported to the U. S. A.
Among the flounders, the plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) is of the
greatest importance for the Swedish fisheries. For the Baltic fishery,
however, the common flounder (Pleuronectes flesus), plays the most
important role. It is found as far up as in the Gulf of Bothnia. Other
kinds of flounder caught in considerable numbers on the west coast are
the turbot (Bothus maximus), the brill (Bothus Rhombus), the sole (Solea
vulgaris), the halibut (Hippoglossus vulgaris) and the pole-dab
(Pleuronectes c.ynog’lossus). The two latter species are found in deep water, where
the pole-dab is caught by means of the trawl.
The lobster is caught only on the west coast, but, south of Hallands
Väderö, not in any considerable numbers. The oyster fishery, which, of
låte years, has fallen off very considerably, is nowadays carried on only
in some few firths north of Marstrand.
The eel, like the salmon, belongs, it is true, both to salt and to fresh
water; as, however, in Sweden, by far the greater part of the eels caught
are taken in the sea off the coast, on their autumn migration to the
Atlantic, there is good reason to reckon the eel as belonging to the sea-fisheries.
The most productive eel- fishery is that carried on with the help
of a kind of fykes (eel-traps) called "hommor", on the coasts of
Östergötland, Småland, Öland, Blekinge, and Skåne. A fairly lucrative
"hommor" eel-fishery exists as far north as Grisslehamn, however. During the
last few years (from and including 1907), the fishermen in Skåne have
begun to make use of large traps or pound-nets, attached to stakes driven
into the sea-bottom and called eel pound-nets (Sw. ålbottengarn), in which
considerable quantities of migrating eels are taken during the autumn.
Most of the Swedish coast- or migrating eel is exported to Germany,
whither it is conveyed by the German cauf-vessels, which make regular
visits to the more important eel-fishing centres.
Fresh-Water Fisheries.
As before mentioned, Sweden possesses a great number of large and small
lakes, and, in this respect occupies the second place among the countries of
Europe, in proportion to its area. Sweden also possesses about 40 salmon
rivers, of a total length of 9 000 kilometers, 3,700 kilometers of which
are accessible to salmon. The "salmon", is found not only in these rivers,
but also in the great lakes, Vänern, Vättern. Siljan and Storsjön. The
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