Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - VII. Manufacturing Industries. Introd. by [G. Sundbärg] K. Åmark - 1. Articles of Food and Consumption. Introd. by Alf. Larson - Manufacture of Beet-Sugar. By Å. G. Ekstrand - Sugar Refineries. By Å. G. Ekstrand
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344
vn. manufacturing industries.
Beet-pulp is the practically sugar-free beet-shreds which remain after diffusion,
and constitutes from 40—50 % of the total weight of the beet; it forms a much
esteemed cattle-fodder, which is usually sold at a very low price to the
beet-growers.
According to a fairly new method of sugar-extraction — the so-called Steffen’s
boiling-method — a certain percentage of the sugar of the beet is allowed to
remain in the beet-pulp, which, when dried, is termed sugar-shred and has a
much greater value as a cattle fodder than ordinary beet-pulp. A comparison
between the three food-stuffs shows that for one fodder-unit there is required
12’5 kg of fresh beet-pulp, l’a of dried pulp, 1*6 kg of molasses and 1.2 kg of
dried sugar-shreds.
Sugar Refineries.
Some of the sugar refineries are directly connected with one or more
raw sugar factories; all of them, as a rule, prepare only Swedish raw
sugar; moreover, the improved technical processes of recent years have
rendered it possible to rectify the beet juice direct, so that, after boiling,
it yields a product equal in quality to refined sugar, termed "melis", or
coarse loaf-sugar. Sugar of this kind is, however, manufactured at only
one factory, namely at Hasslarp, which must therefore be regarded as
both a raw sugar factory and a refinery. Table 75 shows the number
of sugar refineries in Sweden and their output.
Out of these ten refineries there were eight situated in towns, notably at:
Stockholm, Norrköping, Lidköping, Gothenburg, Hälsingborg,
Landskrona, Lund, and Ystad; the remaining two are located in the country, in
Skåne, namely at Hasslarp and Arlöv. With this year (1914) the
refineries at Norrköping, Hälsingborg, Lund, and Hasslarp are stopped owing to
changes in the customs tariffs (cf. below).
As the bulk of the sugar treated in the refineries nowadays is beet sugar, the
treacle obtained can scarcely be used in cooking but must be utilized in the
same way as white beet molasses. Only the treacle obtained in refining cane
sugar is fit for human food, and treacle of this kind is, in fact, nowadays
imported in great quantities, particularly from England and America. The
ordinary qualities of sugar used for consumption are: refined sugar (raffinad) occurring
in the form of loaf, lump, and granulated sugar, and brown sugar (farina), which
Table 75. Sugar Refineries.
Annually (Working year) Number of refineries Number of workmen Refined Sugar Treacle and molasses Total thousands of kronor
quintals thousands of kronor quintals thousands of kronor
1896-00 . . 9 2 499 801 613 42 005 46 174 288 42 293
1901-05 . . 9 2 641 967 125 50 0ii9 54 628 302 51)311
1906-10 . . 10 3 077 1 187 300 61445 65 441 419 61861
1910(1910/11) 10 2 759 1 298 085 69 954 88 947 588 70 542
1911(1911/12) 10 2 682 1 231 630 72 475 100 865 1171 73 646
1912(1912/13) 10 1 347 916 115 375
Remark. Regarding working year, see explication Table 74.
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