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442
vii. manufacturing industries.
tions of the various centres for the machine and metal industry in Sweden
has considerable changed in recent times. Gothenburg, for instance, has
shown a remarkable stagnation, while Stockholm has made great progress;
there has been a great advance also in the case of Norrland and of Malmö with
the places in its neighbourhood. In the case of Malmö, this is explained by
the great development of industry in general in Skåne, which is endowed
by nature with an especially fertile soil, extremely suitable even for the beet
sugar industry, and which possesses a considerable supply of coal and
various raw materials, such as fire-clay etc. A progressive development of
the metal industry is also noticeable at Eskilstuna and the surrounding
district, suggesting that industrial products from this town have begun to
gain ground on the world’s markets.
With regard to the country’s machine industry in general, there appear
to be grounds for hoping for a still greater development in the near future
than that which has taken place in the last few decades. As a matter of
fact, the progress at present being made is extraordinary and even exceeds
the great development which took place at ihe beginning of the seventies
of last century, in the years immediately following the Franco-Prussian
war. At that time also the fires in the furnaces of the machine industry
blazed livelier than ever before, but the liveliness then depended, in many
respects, principally upon foreign capital, which overflowed when the
dams were burst which the war had set up against it. Towards the end
of the same decade, a decline set in, so that several newly established
undertakings were obliged to stop work or to change hands, while older and
larger establishments which had begun to decline were reorganized. The
development which is now taking place in the Swedish machine industry
may perhaps be explained principally bjr the favourable economic conditions
in the world’s markets, but it also appears to be based more than was the
case in the seventies of last century upon the natural resources of the
_ country, and consequently the hope appears to be justified that it will
Continue for a considerable time to come.
Of the more important, articles, which are included in the official
manufacturing returns under the two headings "Metal Works" and "Vessels,
Carriages, Machines and Implements" — which are not always easy to
distinguish from each other — the following show the highest value of
production in 1912:
Articles Value
Diverse iron and steel wares Kr. 40 826 000
Castings of pig iron .... » 27 797 000
Diverse machinery, incl. of
instruments1............» 25 387 000
Electric machines2 .... » 24905000
Diverse metal wares3 ... » 23 414 000
Diverse motors4............» 16 972 000
Articles Value
Vessels and boats.....Kr. 15 970 000
Machines for industry and
trade5 .................., 14 352 000
Dairy machines............» 13 914 000
Machines and implements for
agriculture..............» 13 094 000
1 Also musical instruments, clocks, and watches. — 2 Dynamo machines, accumulators,
transformers, telegrafic apparatus, telephones, lifts, electric and incandescent lamps. —
3 Of other metals than iron. — 4 Gas-, petroleum-, warm air- and water turbines, but not
steam engines. — 6 Not specified.
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