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electric power industry.
471
Table 100. Consumption of Electric Energy in Towns with more than
15 000 Inhabitants. 1911.
Towns Opened in Driving power Consumers’ installation in kilo-watts per 1 000 inhab. [-Consumption-] {+Consump- tion+} per
light power etc. trams total inhab. in
kilowatt-hours
Stockholm....... 1892 steam 67’03 45-36 16-80 135-10 59-00
Gothenburg...... 1908 I water | I steam | 32 05 37-30 24-80 133-20 122-10
Malmö........ 1901 1 water I ( steam J 48 81 120-64 19-40 190-08 208-00
Norrköping...... 1904 I water | Dieselm.| 41-30 41-75 14-76 98 50 54-60
Gävle......... 1903 | water \ i Dieselm. | 27-98 32-41 1415 75-90 30-46
Hälsingborg...... Örebro ........ Eskilstuna...... 1891 1886 1895 I water 1 1 steam j 1 Dieselm | water steam 44-39 45-39 13-68 45-65 51-92 8-12 10-75 102-00 98-40 21-96 6105 85-90 8-38
Karlskrona...... 1907 | water 1 1 Dieselm. f steam 29-21 1910 6-36 54-70 15-48
Jönköping ....... 1907 19-41 11-66 11-90 43-25 19-88
Uppsala........ 1906 I Dieselm. | \ gas eng. | 43-17 33-93 14-20 92-40 3485
Boris ......... 1894 ( steam ( | water f 55-08 58-62 - 113-90 96-68
Lund......... 1907 1 water \ 1 Dieselm.| 28-21 40-62 — 79-90 39-90
Västerås....... 1905 I water ^ ( Dieselm. | 33-30 17-30 — 50-60 23 00
Halmstad....... 1890 J water | 1 steam f 42-87 25-45 — 6906 36-39
Linköping ....... 1903 1 water 1 1 Dieselm.| 36-92 52-65 — 90 80 —
Karlstad....... 1906 water 32-77 64-40 — 9800 106-80
Sundsvall....... 1891 1 water \ 1 steam | 50-34 26-66 23-70 101-06 53-87
Landskrona...... Kalmar........ 1908 1908 I water | \ Dieselm.| Dieselm. 29-96 19-69 74-90 13-52 — 105-20 34-60 121-92 9-11
A^ considerable number of local central stations exist in towns, communes,
and larger populated places. Not less than 90 \ of the towns of Sweden are
equipped with electric central stations, most of them being communal
undertakings.
In the older town-plants, steam engines, steam turbines, Diesel motors, gas
•engines, etc., were installed, but later on also water-power was used. In 1909,
75 % of the communal plants depended on water-power; in 64 % heat-engines
were installed; thus 39 % worked with combined systems.
At first, electric energy was distributed within towns by means of continuous
■current, the generating units being paralleled by storage batteries. Nowadays
the direct distribution of alternating current has been more and more adopted.
Of the above-mentioned townplants, 66 % used continuous current, and 59 %
alternating current; thus 25 % employed both systems.
Electric light has become more and more general, thanks to the appearance
and improvement of the metal filament lamps. Owing to the small consumption
■of current by these lamps, electric light has become as cheap as oil lamps.
The price for electric energy varies between 25 ore and 45 ore per kilo-watt-
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