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Dr. Wallin’s Route in Northern Arabia.
at+} present cuts them off from the Red Sea, must have been subsequent to that of tlie
northern, and not contemporaneous with it: that argument therefore fails. On the
former part of the hypothesis, if the Red Sea once joined the Mediterranean, and
the lakes were formed by a sudden and contemporaneous upheaving of their northern
and southern barriers, how is it that no similar trace of a once water covered
surface is found to the N. or rather N.W. of the present northern barrier ?
These last considerations show that the question is not determined; and,
considering the importance to commerce of a way across the Isthmus of Suweis—an
importance scarcely second to that connected with the Isthmus of Panama,—and
of the various points in the historical geography of the Isthmus dependent upon a
right ascertainment of its ancient limits, a great service would undoubtedly he
rendered by some future traveller properly qualified, devoting himself to a thorough
examination of the head of the Gulph of Suweis and its adjacent inland basin.
It does not appear in any of the accounts consulted in the course of this note, that
the shells found along the ancient water line of the lakes, and about their bottom,
have ever yet been compared with those in the adjacent sea.—A.
The various memoirs in the ‘ Description de l’Egypte,’ bearing upon the
comparative geography of the Isthmus of Suez, are, ‘ Des Antiquites dans 1’Isthme de
Soueys,’ par M. Devilliers, tom. v. p. 135, with texts of Greek and Latin authors
cited, pp. 325 and 381; * De la Ge’ographie Compare’e et de l’Ancien Etat des cotes
de la Mer Rouge,’ par M. Roziere, tom. vi. p. 251 ; * Sur la Communication de la
Mer des Indes it la Mediterrance par la Mer Rouge ct l’lsthme de Souyes,’ par
Mr. J. M. Le Pitre, tom. xi. p. 37 (in which is an interesting notice of Suweis,
p. 169 ; and extracts, with translations, from various antient and modern authors
on the subject of the canal, &c., p. 362) ; ‘ Sur les Aneieunes Limites de la Mer
Rouge,’ par M. du Bo’s Ayme, tom. xi. p. 371, with Appendix, tom. xviii. p. 34,1,
and map, tom. viii. p. 76. M. du Bois Ayme’ maintains, in opposition to M. Roziere,
that the waters of the Gulf of Suweis extended to the head of the lacustrine basins
immediately beyond the present northern limit of the gulf within the historic
period.—A.
Islam Jurisprudence, p 10.—The Islam Code, upon which rests the whole body of
Muhammedan legislation prevailing in the Turkish empire and other Sunni states,
lias been founded by later doctors upon the statutes of the rites of the four ImTim8,
Aboo Hauife, Maluk ibn Ans, al-Shfifi’y, and Ahmad al-Hanbaly, who, though
differing in some points respecting the modes of external worship, morality, and
the civil and political administration, are completely of the same opinion with
regard to the dogmas and all the articles of faith. This code is considered as a
collection of religious laws all derived front four books, viz. 1, the Koran; 2, the
Hadith or Sunni, i. e. oral law or precedent; 3, a collection of explications and
decisions of the apostles and principal disciples of the prophet, particularly the four
first Khaliffs : aud 4, the Kins or collection of canonical decisions by the Imams’
interpreters in the first ages of Islamism.—A.
List of Arabic Authors and IJuohs quoted in the foregoing Paper.
Aboo-l-Feda.— Isma’il bin ’Ah/ bin al-Sultdn ul-Muilhaffar bin al-Sultan
al-Mansour bin al-Sultan al Mudhaffar Ta’t/ia al-din ’Amroo ben Shtlhinshdh bin
Aj/uub ben Shdluty, Lord of Uaimth, known as Aboo-l-Fcdii, was descended from
the same ancestor as Salah al-dln, who was the son of Ayoob above mentioned.
Aboo-l-Feda reigned for three years as Sultan or Prince of Hamah in Syria, after
his brother, who was deposed in the year 743 of the Higrti. Upon assuming his
government he took the title of Malehu l-salih (the Upright King). He is said by
some historians to have been born in the year 672 (1273 a.it.), and to have died in
732 (1331 a.d.), but there is doubt about the precise period when lie lived. He is the
author of two considerable works ; the first, entitled Takwimit-l-Iiulddn—a Table
of Countries, is a geography disposed by tables according to the order of the
climates, with the degrees of latitude and longitude: the second is an abridgment
of universal history to his own time, and entitled Al Muhhlasar fy akhbdri-l-bashari
—All Epitome of the History of Mankind. It is from tills last work that the
exeerpta at the end of Pococke, ed. 1806, are taken.
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