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in welded or refrozen snow, with mountain peaks
projecting above and around.
Wherever such a table-land or labyrinth of rock
basins and troughs exists above the snow-line it is
evident that its growing accumulation of snow will
ultimately overtop the barriers, and must overflow
by some means. But how will this overflow be
effected? Will it all slide down as avalanches, or
may not the barriers formed by the rising peaks
above and below the snow-line interfere with this
simple mode of outlet?
The Norwegian table-land of snow, or
“snee-fond,” notched at its edge with rising peaks and
outbranching valleys, presents these phenomena in
a simple form that may be easily understood.
It must be remembered that such fjelds are not
quite level; they are more or less backed or
elevated towards their centre, so that there is a
varying slope towards the great notches between their
boundary mountain peaks. These notches must
necessarily form outlets for the overflowing
accumulation of snow. But how will this overflow be
effected in cases where the slope of the fond is not
steep enough for the fall of avalanches, and where
the snow that covers it is refrozen or welded
together, and has become a great bed of ice? How
can such a solid mass overflow? These are fair
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