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INTRODUCTION
SWEDEN IS A LAND OF FORESTS. Of the total area of the country, about
one-half, i. e., a territory of about the extent of Great Britain, is covered with
timber, the principal part of which may be classified as pine (pinus silvestris)
and spruce (picea excelsa). The deciduous, or “leaf” trees, which are found more
generally in the southern provinces of the country, are: birch, aspen, oak, beech, ash
and elm.
Even during the Middle Ages, the products of the Swedish forests occupied one of
the chief places among the exports of the country. At the present day this is much
more the case, as may be seen from the fact that, during the years immediately
before the outbreak of the Great War, the value of the forest productions exported amounted
to about 45 % of the entire out-going trade of the country. Although the Swedish
forests are far less in area than those of Russia and Canada, they give for export
purposes considerably larger returns than the woodlands of the latter countries. This in
spite of the fact that the consumption of timber within the country, reckoning per
capita of the population, is greater than in any other European country with the
exception of Finland.
The following table gives a survey of the forest areas in the wood goods exporting
countries of northern Europe and in Canada and the U. S. A., as well as the value
of the exported forest products (wrought and unwrought timber, joinery, wood pulp,
pasteboard, paper and wood distillation products, etc.).
Country Forest land hectares (1 hect. = 2’/a acres) Area of forests in % of entire area of country Value of exports of all forest products, for 1913:
Total Swed. Kronor (£ 1 = abt. 18 Kron.) Sw. Kronor per hectares forest land
Canada 165,000,000 18 % 212,051,000 1: 29
Finland 20,000,000 61 % 216,074,000 10: 80
Norway 6,911,400 21 % 122,114,000’) 17:67’)
Russia 154,830,000 33 % 330,214,000 2: 13
Sweden 21,000,000 52 % 358,255,000 17:06
U. S. A 200,000,000 25 % 510,301,0002) 2: 552)
*) These figures also include some Swedish wood g^ods exported via Norway.
J) These figures do not give the value of all the forest products of the U. S. A., but only the principal, such as wood
goods (of both hard and soft woods), wood pulp and paper.
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