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boat slept out of doors in a pouring rain. Tired and
wet, they carried their trunks and luggage to the
miserable boat and to the plantations. Their lodgings were
filthy slave shanties. After toiling under the hot August
sun from sunrise to sundown, their food consisted of
pancakes and wormy pork, and the hard floor was their
bed. After working eleven weeks a man and wife were
paid in worthless Confederate money.
The unfortunate immigrants appealed through letters
to friends and relatives for financial assistance to enable
them to leave the south. These letters were given wide
circulation through Hemlandet. Money was subscribed
hv individuals and congregations, but how many
members of the colony were left stranded in the south does
not appear from the record.
The Swedes who arrived in the decade of the fifties
found the public mind agitated by two great issues:
slavery and know-nothingism. Unonius was so impressed
with the majesty of American citizenship that he
refrained from active participation in politics. [1] He was
severely critical of the Germans and Irish, who, he says,
rushed into American affairs before they were familiar
with conditions. Slavery and nativism, however, vitally
affected the fortunes of the foreign-born, and almost
immediately they were swept into the political
whirlpool.
One of the first issues of Hemlandet contained an
editorial on “Know Nothingismen.” [2] The editor
regarded the organization of the know-nothing party as
an attempt on the part of southern politicians to split
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