Full resolution (TIFF) - On this page / på denna sida - Some remarks upon the geographical distribution of vegetation in the colder Southern Hemisphere. By Carl Skottsberg. Botanist of the Swedish Antarctic Expedition 1901—1903. With 2 maps, tabl. 8 and 9. - General survey of the austral of or palæooceanic (Engler) realm. - I. The antarctic dominion.
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regions. Moreover, I wanted the term »austral» to correspond with
»boreal» of the northern hemisphere. Certainly this correspondence
is not very great as far as vegetation goes, but for all that not
entirely wanting (24, p. 455).
I regret that I had no opportunity of reading certain zoological
articles before proposing the term »austral». For in those the
same zone is called subantarctic. I will refer to two authors only.
Ludwig (31, p. 3) says (1898): »Ich verstehe dabei das
’antarktische’ Gebiet in so weitem Sinne, dass es auch die
’subantarktischen’ Gegenden einschliesst und nordwärts bis rund 40° S. B.
reicht.» Vanhöffen (42, p. 362) in 1904, speaking of the
investigations of Pfeifer, says: »er suchte eine Südpolarfauna zu konstruiren,
ausgehend von den Faunen subantarktischer Gebiete um den Pöl,
wie Feuerland, Falkland, Südgeorgien, Marion-, Crozet-, Kerguelen-,
Heard-, Auckland- und Campbellinseln ...»
As it is very desirable that only one term be used in our
scientific reports, and because Engler has already used the word
austral in another, wider sense, I shall call the zone the subantarctic. l
I do not include either Tristan d’Acunha or St. Paul’s or the
New Amsterdam Islands in this dominion; Engler has given them
the rank of a special »Gebiet» within his austral realm. I also might
refer to Guppy (25, p. 40), who divides the »antarctic» zone into
two, viz. 37°-40°, including only the three islands we are dealing
with, and 40°-55°, our subantarctic zone. Drude points out (15)
that Amsterdam and St. Paul’s Islands are related to Tristan
d’Acunha and that austral-african elements form a part of their
flora. - Some other slight changes in the arrangement of different
districts I shall discuss below.
GENERAL SURVEY OF THE AUSTRAL OR PALÆOOCEANIC (Engler)
REALM.
I. The antarctic dominion.
With one exception, the first discovery of an antarctic flora
was made by J. D. Hooker, who collected some mosses and lichens
on Cockburn Island by Graham’s Land; the exception referred
Since this article was written Schenk’s interesting work has appeared (56).
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