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Man dible: — The dorsal point of the endite on the first protopodite joint is called „the
scythe-shaped process“, the ventral point the ,,rod-shaped process“. The conical process situated
proximo-ventero-medially on the second protopodite joint („Rückwärts gerichteter Fortsatz“.
G. \\. MÜLLER, 1894. explanation of pi. 4, fig. 44. but not p. 203) is called „the backward
pointing process“.
Maxilla: — The dense series of bristles situated latero-ventrallv along the
proto-podite is called „the baleen“, the single bristle „the baleen bristle“.
F i f t h 1 i m b: — The narrow tongue-shaped organ formed by the protopodite and the
two proximal endopodite joints is called „the comb“, its ventral bristles „the comb bristles“.
Historical: — The first description of a species belonging to this family that is found in
literature is that of A. Philippi in „A r c h i v für Naturgeschicht e“. 1840. pp. 186 to
188. The species in question was pronounced by Philippi to be a type of a new genus, Asterope,
„der Ostracopode n“, for he found that not only the shell, but „auch das Thier sowohl
von Cypris and Cytherina“ (= Cythere, part.) „als auch von Cypridina MilnE-Edwards . . .
so bedeutend verschieden ist, daß es nothwendig ein eigenes Genus bilden muß“. The new genus
would differ from the genus Cypridina principally „1. durch den Einschnitt der Schale*. 2. indem
nur zwei Paar blattartiger Füße vorhanden sind, 3. indem der Schwanz einfach ist (bei Cypridina
besteht er aus zwei Lamellen)“. Thus entirely mistakes! Although the description is verv
incomplete and consists principally of mistakes, there can scarcely be any real doubt that the
species in question — A. elliptica — is really very closely related to and belongs to the same
genus as the forms that are included in the genus Asterope in the present work.
During the first three decades after 1840, however, PhilippI’s new name for the genus did
not gain récognition. The writers who dealt with forms belonging to this genus during this time
referred them to other more or less closely related genera that had been previously described. Thus
H. Nicolet (Gav, 1849, p. 294) describes a species that certainly belongs liere under the name
of Cypris himaculata; J. D. Dana’s Cypridina olivacea, 1849, p. 51 can — on account of the
shape of the shell and the wreath of hairs round the back part of the shell — be referred to this
genus, though with some doubt.** E. GRUBE, 1859, also refers forms belonging liere to the genus
Cypridina, and A. M. Norman, who adopts the generic name Asterope in his later works, in 1861
describes one of these species under the name of Cypridina teres, and later on, 1867, p. 198,
includes it in the genus Bradycinetus (- Philomedes). None of these writers gives any reasons
for this method of procedure of theirs. \V. Baird, who consistently refers these forms to the
genus Cypridina in all his works upon them, 1847, 1850 a and 1850 c. explains this. 1847, p. 21
by the faet that in dissecting two species, „which I can only refer to the genus Cypridina1’,
namely C. ( = Philomedes) Macandrei and C. (- Cyclasterope?) Adamsi, he found that these
* Owing to aa oversight Mii.m: Edwards. IK’iO, described the genu- Cypridina wilhout any rosirai incisur.
** G. S. Brady was the first to put forward the assumption that tilis species might he included in the genus
Asterope (1880, p. 154). This assumption was nol accompanied, however. hy any reasons; Brady only wriles ..Asterope?
olivacea Dana“. In the same place I his nulhor wriles C y pr id i na mediterranea. ( >. I Asta. I S 4 5 as ,,Asterope? mediterranea".
This view is of course incorrect: it was ahandoned in G. S. Brada ’s later work and was never adopted hy other writers.
Cypridina olivaeea was referred to Philomedes hy G. S. Brady in I Sh.).
The description of
the first
representative of this groiip.
The genus Asterope
*cas rejected in the
beginning.
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