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Wliich species are the
most primitive?
The type species oj
this genus.
bristles. The seve n t h limb has more than twelve bristles. In addition this species differs
from other known forms of this genus in being quite without lateral eyes.
Of those species that I have had no opportunity of investigating myself A. inermis,
G. W. Müller, 1906 b, seems to be very closely related to this group.
For the relation tit this group of the following species that have not been investigated
by me see the remark onM. Grimaldi: Cypridina Mariae, W. BaiRD, 1850 c, C. oblonga, E. GRUBE,
1859. Cylindroleberis Mariae, G. S. BRADY, 1868 b, Asterope oblonga, G. O. Sars. 1887. Cylindroleberis
oblonga, G. \V. MÜLLER, 1894. Asterope Mariae, G. S. BRADY and A. M. NORMAN, 1896,
Cylindroleberis Mariae. J. A. CUSHMAN, 1906, C. Mariae, Ch. JUDAY, 1907, C. oblonga, R. W.Sharpe, 1909.
The only species among those described below that has not been mentioned so far, A. aberrata,
occupies a somewhat isolated position. It seems to be most closely related to the Mülleri group.
The characters in which it differs from this group are as foliows: —
The elliptical shape of the s h e 11.
First antenna: — The marked réduction of the third and fourth joints.
M a n d i b 1 e : — Second protopodite j oint : The backward pointing process : The triaena
brist-les have from five to eleven secondary spines proximally of the distal pair of spines. Two dwarf
bristles are developedon this process. At the middle of the dorsal side of this joint there is one bristle.
The s i X t h limb, unlike that of other known forms, has no posterior ventral bristles.
The s e v e n t h limb has less than twelve bristles. The teeth of the end combs
are finely and uniformly pectinated.
A. elliptica, G. O. Saks, 1887 is probably rather closely related to this form. As to the
position of A. elliptica, A. Philippi, 184ü see below p. 509.
With regard to the systematic position of those of the species not investigated by me
that have not so far been mentioned I shall not try to put forward any opinion, as, on account
of the incompleteness of the descriptions, this would be so uncertain that its scientific value
would be exceedingly small.
Which of the species so far known are to be considérée! the most primitive?
At the present moment this question can scarcely be discussed. It can only be said that
in one respect — the development of the d-bristle on the first antenna — the Quinquesetae
g r o u p is more primitive than the others. Whether it is also to be considered as more
primitive in other characters cannot be décidée! with any certainty, thougli it does not seem to nie
to be impossible.
The first species of this genus to be described was A. elliptica, A. Philippi, 184o. As this
form — as is shown by the historical sketch, p. 433 — must be said to be unidentifiable as a
species, it can scarcely be convenient to consider it as a type species for this genus. I suggest
instead as the type species A. elliptica, G. 0. Sars, 1887, a species of which, it is true, we cannot
say with absolute certainty that it is identical with the form described by Philippi, but which
is, however, presumably very closely related to it. (G. W. MÜLLER makes this identification, 1912,
p. 46, but adds a query.) The form described by G. 0. Sars certainly needs to be re-described,
but it must be denoted as one that is identifiable as to its species. It may be noted that the
type-specimen of this form — according to a written communication to me from Professor
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