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THE USSURI REGION
339
Koreans and 2300 Japanese. With its good harbour
Valdivostok naturally forms an important centre for
trade ; but by the construction of the southern East
Chinese line to Kwan-tung and the foundation of the
seaport of Dalniy, Russia herself has provided Vladi
vostok with a dangerous rival, at any rate for the trade
of Manchuria. But the position of the latter port has
improved again since the war, for all trade within the
Russian frontier. Of course the construction of the
railway to Khabarovsk and the Amiir was of great im
portance to the town and to the Ussuri country as a
whole ; it was completed in 1896 and 1897.
Saturday, October 4. In company with Baron von
Hoiningen Huene, I went out the first thing in the
morning to see the town. The great timber merchant,
Skidalski, had had the great kindness to send his
carriage and fine horses to drive us round. Wc saw
the Chinese bazaars, where the housekeepers of the
town get all their vegetables ; all market-gardening
is done by the Chinese, in spite of the war of extermina
tion waged against them by the Governor. They are
expert at this, as at most other work. Wc also saw
the Japanese bazaars, and made some purchases there.
But it is mostly cheap rubbish that crosses the Russian
frontier, as the duty is too high for things of better
quality. On the other hand, I was told that plenty of
better articles were to be had at Kharbin, where there is
no duty. The streets were alive with the various races
of the East. Besides the numerous Chinese and Japanese,
the Koreans were conspicuous by their white dress.
Some of them are Russian subjects and live in a quarter
of their own on the west side of the peninsula, but wc
had not time to see it.
The policy of the present Governor-General, Gon
datti, is to drive the yellow population, especially the
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