Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - X. Manufacturing Industries. By Å. G. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chief Engineer, Control Office of the Department of Finance - 10. Metal and Machine Industry, by Lector U. R. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chalmers' Polytechnical College, Gothenburg
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metal and machine industry.
877
which are the largest in their way in the North of Europe, were founded about
1875, are owned by the great company of Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Aktiebolag
(see p. 756), and include the following chief divisions: a) smelting division with
4 smelting-houses, 7 regenerative heating apparatus, 6 roasting-furnaces, 3
pounding-mills, 3 blast apparatus, etc.; — b) the Bessemer works with 5 converters, blast
apparatus, hydraulic power-generating works and thomasphosphate works; —
c) the Martin works with 4 furnaces of 15 tons, two for basic and two for acid
martin; — d) the rolling-mill department with ingot works, rail and heavy works,
continous wire and universal works, tine and medium works, thick and thin
sheet-iron works, etc.; — e) manufacture forge; — f) mechanical works; and —
g) coaling department with 8 coal furnaces. The annual output is about 43,000
tons of pig iron, 39,000 tons of rolling-mill products (rail, bar-iron, wire and
sheet iron), nails, horse-nails, etc. The number of workmen is about 2,400.
The Sandviken Iron Works, in the province of Gestrikland, were founded in
1862, by the famous G. F. Göransson, who through his improvements in the Bessemer
process first rendered the same of practical use (cf. page 732). The works are
now owned by a joint-stock company and are on account of their excellent
products well-known all over the world. The establishment consists at present of 3
smelting furnaces, 4 Bessemer converters, forge-hammers, several rolling-mills,
wire-drawing mills, manufacture forge, foundry, mechanical workshop, etc., and
manufactures bessemer steel ingot, bar-iron (rolled and forged), tube billets, large shafts,
anchors, rolled wire, hoop-iron and horse-nail rods, shaped iron and steel, wheel-band,
saw-blades, drawn wire, coldrolled band-steel and diverse manufactures for a
yearly value of about 1,400,000 kronor. The number of workmen is about 1,700.
The Bofors Iron Works, situated in the parish of Karlskoga in Örebro Län,
include iron-works with smelting-furnaces, 2 Martin furnaces, Lancashire forges,
rolling-mills, iron-manufacture and mechanical works, etc. At Björkborn and
Bofors they manufacture blooms, ingots, rolled bar-iron, rolled wire, war material,
as guns, projectiles, etc., and diverse steel castings (screws, etc.). The number of
workmen amounts to about 700.
The Finspång: Iron Works, which are now owned by the joint-stock company
of Aktiebolaget Finspångs Styckebruk, were known as early as in the 16th century.
Besides the chief establishment at Finspång in Östergötland, a lot of landed
properties, mines, saw-mills, etc., belong to the same company. It is renowned
especially on account of the manufacture of guns and other war material, in which
at a time it was foremost in this country. At present, besides various sorts of
welding-iron, also cut nails, goods-vans, ploughs, etc. are manufactured.
The Fagersta Iron Works in Vestmanland manufacture, besides real
rolling-mill products, also saw-blades, springs, drawn wire, steel-ropes, etc. The Lesjöfors
Iron Works in Vermland manufacture hoop and horse-nail iron, drawn wire, and
ropes. The Hagfors Iron Works in Vermland manufacture tube billets,
wood-screws, horse-nails, and frost-nails. The Surahammar Iron Works in Vestmanland
manufacture shafts and wheels for railway-carriages. The Kolsva Iron Works in
Vestmanland manufacture various steel castings, as screws. The Hallstahammar
bolt Factory in Vestmanland manufactures exclusively bolts, nuts, fish-plates, and
rivets. The Iggesund Iron Works in Gefleborg Län manufacture saw-blades, chisels for
planes, stone and mine-implements. The Ankarsrum Iron Works in Kalmar Län
manufacture projectiles. The Skultuna Brass-forge in Vestmanland, founded already
in 1611, owned by the joint-stock company of Skultuna aktiebolag, manufactures
copper- and brass- plate and wire, and, besides, brass tubes, bolt and pipes, etc.,
amounting to a value of 1,700,000 kronor per annum; it employs 380 workmen.
The Granefors Copper and Brass factory, Blekinge, with plate rolling-mills, wire
works, etc., manufactures plate pipes, bar-copper, wire, etc., to a yearly value of
about 600,000 kronor.
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