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913

(1904) Author: Gustav Sundbärg
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INTRODUCTION. 913

Napoleon paralyzed our foreign trade and shipping, even if the profitable
clandestine trade with England (that sent its wares here to get them forwarded
to the Continent) gave a temporary profit; especially Gothenburg had a short
time of splendid conjunctures.

The Harbour of Gothenburg.

During the unbroken peace that Sweden has enjoyed since 1814, our foreign
trade has made great progress in general extent. Already during the reign of
Charles XIV (1818/44), it rose in a considerable degree, particularly through
the regulation of the finances and the somewhat enlarged liberty of commerce
and trade which slowly worked its way through. More effective still were the
reforms in commercial legislation, carried out during the reign of Otcar ] (1844/59).
By means of new commercial treaties and more especially by the annulation of
the Öresund custom, concerning which an agreement was made with Denmark in
1857, our foreign trade was advanced. That the progress of communications as
well as the increased capacity of production and consumption also were of the
greatest importance to further the cause, is a matter of course.

Through the commercial and marine treaty with France of 1865, Sweden
accepted the free-trade system to a wider extent than before. In 1888 and
1892, a return was accomplished by the introduction of new customs and the
raising of many old ones. Concerning the extent of the differences between this
new customs system and the earlier one, a sort of idea can be formed by the
figures which on page 930 state the proportion of the import duties to the
total import value.

Sweden ,r>8

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