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Footnotes 1221
Kirk reports the following corrected gross reproduction rates:
Nggro White
1928-32 136 1930 122
1933-37 130 1931-35 109
See of, cit,y p. 14, and footnote on p. 161 of this chapter. Other evidence of the
greater fall in the white birth rate may be had from the net reproduction rates reported
in Table i and from the crude birth rates in footnote 10 of this chapter.
Dorn reports the trends in the following manner: “Although it is impossible to
state definitely the amount of change in the average length of life of the Negro
population, the available data indicate that, except for the first few years of life, there
has been very little improvement since the beginning of the century. The only series
of data covering the entire period are for Negroes living in the original registration states
of 1900, the New England States, New York, New Jersey, Michigan, Indiana and the
District of Columbia. In 1900, the Negro population of these states comprised 3.9
per cent of the total; by 1930, it had increased to 9.5 per cent of the total. Although
the trend in mortality among Negroes in these states is probably representative of the
trend among Negroes living in the North there is no way of determining the closeness
with which it represents the trend of mortality among Negroes living in the South.
“As shown in Figure 21, the expectation of life among Negroes living in the North
actually decreased during the first three decades of this century except for persons 20
years of age and younger. The increase in expectation of life at birth was greater both
absolutely and relatively among Negroes than among whites, but at other ages it was much
less. (Figure 22.)
“Better representation of the entire Negro population can be obtained by considering
the trend of mortality in the death registration states of 1920. This group of states
included about 65 per cent of the Negro population in 1920 and nearly 70 per cent in
1930. The trend of mortality among Negroes in these states presents an even more
unfavorable picture than the trend in the original registration states. (Figure 23.) The
expectation of life for Negro males decreased at every age including birth; the decrease
among Negro females occurred at ages 20 and over. The only increase in expectation of
life during the decade was for females under 20 years of age.
“The trend in the expectation of life among Negroes in the general population
agrees in general with that among the colored policy-holders of the Industrial Depart-
ment of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (Louis I. Dublin and Alfred J.
Lotka, Twenty-five Years of Health Progress [1937]). From 1 92 1 to 1 93 1 the expec-
tation of life for both males and females from 10 to 60 years of age either decreased
or failed to increase. However, from 1911 to 1921 the expectation of life definitely
increased at the same ages. Since 1931 the downward trend in the expectation of life
has been stopped and slight increases have occurred at most ages. But even so, in 1938
the expectation of life for colored males was less than in 1921 at 40 years of age and
over and among colored females it was less at 50 years of age and over.” (Metropolitan
Life Insurance Company, Statistical Bulletin [June, 1939]. Dorn, of, cit, [1942;
first draft, 1 940], pp. 36-37a). (Figures referred to are in Dorn’s manuscript.)
lbii,y p. 4c.
For the death registration states at each of the years, the white death rate was
10.8 per 1,000 population in 1930, and 1 0.4 in IQ40. The corresponding drop in the
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