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1264 An American Dilemma
^®Reid, of, cit,y Vol. 2, p. 248; Woodson, of, cit,y pp, 68-69; Charles S. Johnson,
The Negro College Graduate (1938), p. 137.
It seems that the majority of the churches give at least moral support to Negro
business establishments in one form or another. (Woodson, of, cit,y p. 76.)
Reid, Of, cit,y Vol. 2, p. 242.
Woodson, Of, cit,y pp. 69-70. See also Chapter 40 of this book.
Woodson, of, cit,y p. 89.
^®Reid, of, cit,y Vol. 2, p. 182.
Woodson, of, cit,y pp. 98-102. Although Woodson does not say so, it is quite likely
that some of this white trade consists of abortion cases.
Idem,
^®The average amount per year for different community groups ranges between
$10 and $20 for families with an income of less than $500; they usually run into several
hundreds of dollars for families with more than $3,000. Negroes, since they are poorer,
often use a somewhat smaller percentage of their income for this purpose than do whites,
and the actual amounts they spend are only one-third or one-half of those spent by
the average white family.*
Woodson, of, cit,y p. 96.
Ibid,y p. 97.
^ Harold F. Dorn, ‘‘Health of the Negro,” unpublished manuscript prepared for this
study (1940), p. 113 a.
Reid, Of, cit,y Vol. 2, pp. 186-187.
Sterner once interviewed one of the leaders of the National Medical Association
(the Negro professional organization for physicians and surgeons) who resides in the
Deep South. He complained about how a patient brought to a hospital was always a
patient lost to him. He described how he had tried to make Negroes understand that
the treatment at the public clinic was not in any real sense free, as the patients had to
pay “with their good name.” One of the reasons why the Negro private practitioner was
losing out, he explained, was that employers send their workers to the public clinic;
they are not even allowed to retain jobs at a shirt factory unless they are free from
syphilis. The informant seemed to be against any further increase in public health
facilities for Negroes, but apparently mainly for the reason that he feared that Negro
doctors would never get any chance to work at public clinics and hospitals. His repeated
requests to the state government that the Negro doctor be given a real place in the
public health service of the state had been in vain. (Interview, January 8, 1940.)
Howard University with 276 candidates had only 33 failures, or 12 per cent.
This ranks favorably with other medical schools; Harvard University, at the top, had
1.
1
per cent of its 276 candidates failing; Loyola University, at the bottom, had 20.9
per cent of its 254 candidates failing. (Albert E. Casey, “Research Activity and the
Quality of Teaching in Medical Schools,” Science [July 31, 1942], pp. IIO-III.)
®*Reid, Op, cit,y Vol, 2, pp, 185-187. During the ’thirties, there was a decline in the
number of students at Negro medical schools, but this was probably a depression
phenomenon. The number of interneships available to Negroes has increased from 68
in 1931 to 168 in 1939.
Charles S. Johnson, of, cit,y p. 137.
* Sterner and Associates, of, cit,y pp, 149-153. Data based on Study of Consumer Pur-
chases: fcicT to nonrelief families only.
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