Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - I. The Eskimo tribes, their common origin, their dispersion and their diversities in general
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peopled the Aleutian islands, whereas people of the principal
race later on settled at the river-mouths, spreading northward
along Bering Strait and hiveing off some colonies to the
opposite shore proceeded around Point Barrow to the east, the
Mackenzie river, over the Central Regions or Arctic Archipelago,
and finally to Labrador and Greenland. This dispersion may
have taken thousands of years; they can only have proceeded
in small bands, very much as still they are used to move about
during certain seasons. Their only way of procuring
subsistence in the vast deserts they passed over, excluded the
possibility of national migrations on a larger scale. While in this
way they continued to discover new countries, some families
were induced to go farther, others remained and finally gave
rise to the present scattered settlements. But in proposing
this hypothesis I consider it a matter of course that Alaska as
the original home of the Eskimo is not to be taken in the
strictest sense, absolutely excluding adjacent parts of the
continent towards the east. Tribes of the same race may have
come down the Mackenzie or even more easterly rivers, but
amalgamated with the principal stock, learning their inventions
and adopting their mode of life. But as to the other theory,
that the Eskimo should have migrated from Asia via Bering
Strait and found the Indian territory already occupied by the
same nations as now, this objection must be separately taken
into consideration in connection with the facts bearing in favour
of the former.
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