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- I. The Eskimo tribes, their common origin, their dispersion and their diversities in general
- Domestic industry and arts
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Domestic industry and arts.
We know that in general, as far as the raw materials are
to be obtained, each family fabricates its own utensils and other
necessaries itself. It is stated that in Alaska not only Indians
but also some Eskimo tribes know how to fabricate cooking
vessels out of baked clay. If this assertion is correct, it might
seem to be of interest in one respect, in as much as the art
of making pottery has by some ethnologists been fixed as one
of the chief points designating an advance in culture. But in
the entire remainder of the Eskimo territory this art is quite
unknown, and even if tried, the want of fuel as well as the
nature of the soil generally would interfere with its practice.
The ordinary material used by the Eskimo for culinary vessels
and lamps is the well known potstone whose occurrence is
confined to certain localities scattered throughout the Arctic
Regions. In connection with a few other commodities it has
been the chief object of ancient intertribal trade.
The art exhibited by the Alaska Eskimo in ORNAMENTING
THEIR WEAPONS AND UTENSILS is often mentioned in travellers’
reports from the time when they were first visited by Europeans.
To their skill in carving and engraving we must join the taste
displayed in the same way in making their clothing. Again
when we pass from Alaska to the East, we see this relish for
the fine arts declining, and in Western Greenland proofs of it
have been rather scarce. But the latest expedition to the
Eastcoast of this country has discovered, that a small isolated tribe
here in the vast deserts of the extreme East almost rivals the
Alaska artists with respect to carving in bone and ornamenting
their weapons and utensils. The chief difference is, that in
Alaska engravings illustrating human life and the animals of
the country are the most popular objects of the artist, whereas
the East Greenlanders excell in small reliefs representing for
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